AOTA Mental Health Practice with Adults

Question 1

Define delirium, dementia, amnesia and other cognitive disorders

Answer 1

essential features - aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, loss of executive function.

all areas of performance are affected and require assessments.

interventions: environmental adaptations for safety, caregiver education, behavioral interventions to manage fatigue and sleep wake cycles.

Question 2

define substance-related disorders

Answer 2

classifications: substance dependence, abuse, intoxication and withdrawal

all areas of performance are affected

interventions: psychosocial therapies includiung coping, stress management, and social skills training. cognitive-bhased interventions geared toward increasing client’s motivation and control of life.

Question 3

what are the criteria for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

Answer 3

at least two of the following for at least 1 month:

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behaviors, negative symptoms

Question 4

what are the subtypes of schiziophrenia and other psychotic disorders

Answer 4

paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferenetiated

Question 5

what are the impacts on performance for schizophrenia

Answer 5

cognitive impairemtsn, compromised health and wellness, recovery and reintergration hindered by community barrier and social stigma

Question 6

what are the interventions used with schizophrenia

Answer 6

illness management and recovery, assertiveness community tratment, family psychoeducation, supported employment, integrated dual diagnoiss treamtnet.

Question 7

what are the pharmacological treatments for schizophrenia

Answer 7

typical antipsychotics including chlorpromazije, haloperidool, and fluphenaize.

Question 8

what are the three categories of mood disorders

Answer 8

depressive disorders
bipolar disorders (1 and 2); 1 = manic; 2 = depressive
cyclothymic - flucuation in low to high.

Question 9

what are the impacts on performance for mood disorders

Answer 9

los self-esteem and motivation levels, family and work roles affected, daily rountines disrupted by manic episodes, high work loss rates.

Question 10

what are some interventions for mood disorders

Answer 10

cognitive-bheavioral therapy to uncover distorted beliefs an dfaulty thinking patterns.
interpersonal psychotherpay to improve interpersonal and psychosocial functioniong.
electroconvulsive therapy

Question 11

what are the pharmacologicla interventions for mood disorders

Answer 11

depressive disorders - SSRIS, SNRIS, antidepressants.

bipolar disorders - mood stabiliziers and anticonvulsants.

Question 12

what are the different types of anxiety disorders

Answer 12

panic disorder, agoraphobia, GAD, OCD, PTSD, social phobia, specific phobia, substanceinduced anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder attributeable to generalized medical condition.

Question 13

what are the impacts on performance for anxiety disorders

Answer 13

physical impairments, cognitive impairments, psychosocial impairments,

Question 14

what are some interventions for anxiety disorders

Answer 14

cognitive behavioral training, relaxation therapy, expressive writing.

Question 15

what are some pharmacological treatment for anxiety disorders

Answer 15

benzodiazepines, SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants.

Question 16

what are somatoform disorders

Answer 16

when person experiences physical symptoms that have psychiatric source.

Question 17

what are the two types of eating disorders

Answer 17

bulimia and anorexia

Question 18

what are the impacts on performance for eating disorders

Answer 18

maladaptive eating habits and lifestyle habits
impaired communication, assertion and stress management skills.
resistance to change.

Question 19

what are some interventions for eating disorders

Answer 19

physicla harm reduction, cognitive reconstruction, psychosocial functional enablement
menu planning and meal prep
lifestyle redesign and indepedent living skils
communication and assertiveness training
stress management
projective artowrk and use of crafts
relapse prevention
body image improvement.

Question 20

define personality disorders

Answer 20

enduring poattern of inner experiecne and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the indiviuduals culture.
pervasive and inflexible
onset in adolescence or early adulthood.

Question 21

what are the clusters of personality disorders

Answer 21

a - paranoid personality, schizoid, schiotypal
b - antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
c - avoidant, depedent, OCD

Question 22

what are the impacts on performance for personality disorders

Answer 22

decreased social participation,emotionatl modulation, and coping skills.

Question 23

what are the interventions used for personality disorders

Answer 23

development and maintenance of collaborative relationhips
consistency during tx
validation of clients feeling
devleopmetn and maintenacne of motivation for change
mood stabilization and expression of appropriate moetions
promotion of increased elf concept, self esteem, insight and judgement
development of interpersonal relationships.

Question 24

define inpaitent treatment settings

Answer 24

brief and designed to manage behavior, stiabulize clients on medcs, and refocus clients on enegagement in occupation

Question 25

define long term hospitalzation setting

Answer 25

hospitazlied for extended periods of time, stabilize symptoms, ensure adherence to medication rotocols, and habituative patterns of daily activiyt and self care.

Question 26

define mental health clincs

Answer 26

medication management, lifestyle management, self-care activities, and group therapies.

Question 27

define consumer-based, nonprofit, health system-based day treatment program

Answer 27

designed to assist clients over an extended period and provide meaningful occupational engagement as tolerated for clients with more chronic mental health condition

Question 28

define community residential settings

Answer 28

transitioning from long term hospitalzation ora period of residence in skilled nursing facility may move to halfway house of foster care setting.

Question 29

define supported employment, transitional employment, and prevocational and vocational rehab

Answer 29

clubhouse porgrams that are used to engage people with mental health conditions.

Question 30

define allens cognitive disabilities model

Answer 30

hierarchal continnuum of cognitive ability dericed from Piaget's devleopmental theory. functional abilities improve as cognitive levels increase

Question 31

define behavior modification theory

Answer 31

based on operant conditioning. behavior is shaped by connecting a positive or negative reinforcement to a behavioral repsosne.

Question 32

define CBT

Answer 32

distorted thinking leads to the behavior and emotional problems related to mental illness. focus of therapy is to increase awareness of an eventually change cognitive distortions to ultimately alter behavior and the moetional impact on function.

Question 33

define intentional relationship model

Answer 33

use of therapeutic use of self; shows what impact the therapist-client relationship has on improving function.

Question 34

define the Kawa model

Answer 34

present concept of cultural safety as a key component of the model.

Question 35

define the MOHO model

Answer 35

classic model of OT that describe impact of volition, performance, and habituation on engagement in occupation

Question 36

define the PEOP model

Answer 36

emphasis essential interaction among person, performance of a desired, emaingiful occupation, and the contet in which the person engages in occuoation. describes experiences of indivudla dna poopulations and expklains the impact of the key componenets of the model on health, wellness, and quality oflife.

Question 37

define the psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory

Answer 37

used primarily in contemporary mental health interventions and within occupational therpay as a mechanism for improving self-o=identity and improving interpersonal relationships, the concepts from psychoanalytic-psychodynamic theory are the concerstone of mental health practice help explore underlying depe-seated origins of huna emotion and motivaiton.

Question 38

what are the types of clinical reasoning used in mental health practice

Answer 38

``` scientific reasoning diagnostic reasoning procedural reasoning narrative reasoning pragmatic reasoning ehtical reasoning interactive reasoning conditional reasoning ```