Antipsychotics Flashcards
Typical antipsychotic
Pheno-thiazine Butyro-phenones Thio-xan-thines 🌹Haloperidol 🌹Chloro-pro-mazineنكدر ستخدمه بالزغطة الرخمه😂😂 وهو من اشهر الادوية الي تمر الكبد
Atypical antipsychotics
Dibezzo-dia-zepine Ben-zix-azole Tetra-benazine Benza-mides 🌼Ola-nzipine, 🌼Ris-peri-done —>resistant cases 🌼Clozapine cause agranulocytosis 😬☠️💀 Quetiapine.
Solw release antipsychotic drugs
Flu-phena-zine
Modecate, Moditen
📍 is used in the treatment of chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia,[1][2] and appears to be about equal in effectiveness to low-potency antipsychotics like chlorpromazine
Anti Dr2 🤮🤮🤮 with antipsychotic
EPS
1 - Acute dystonia = involuntary movement eg, spasms, tongue protrusion, torticollis, parkinson like
2 - Late (tardive) dyskinesia = involuntary movement of face, tongue, trunk, limbs which are disabling and irreversible Endocine effeects = due to antiDR2 of hypothalamus cause hyperprolactenemia and parenchyma sX b / 1feb fd 💥💥💥These effects are not produced by the atypical antipsychotics (antiDR4)
Anti MR 🤮🤮🤮 with antipsychotic
antiMR blurring vision dry mouth palpitation constipation urine retention (AntiMR is a good effect of antipsychotics to counteract the EPS eg property of 💥thioridazine otherwise some antipsychotics may necessitate use of antiparkinson antMR eg 💥benzhexol)
Less common 🤮🤮of antipsychotic
1 - Malignant neuroleptic syndrome (rigidity, fever, cnfusion, renal and heart failure and death in 10-20%)
2 - jaundice in CPZ
3 - leukopenia (reversible) and agranulocytosis (fatal) met with some 💥butyrophenones and 💥thioxanthines - cardiac arrythmia
Other line of treatment of psycosis
1)lithium especially in schizoaffective disorders its effect:
a - inhibitory: Na channel, NE, Do turnover, DR sensitivity 2nd messengers
b - stimulatory: serotonin, ach it is contraindicated in heart failure, renal failure, pregnant or lactating Woman and hypothyroidism aa a eaal talure
2) carbamazepine
3) propranolol
4) verapamil
🤮🤮of specific drugs of the atypical class
The main ADRs of the antipsychotics are
💥excessive weight gain (especially Olanzapine), لانه السيرتونن الموجود بالدماغ يرتب الجوع والشبع فهذا راح يسده ويسويله جوع فراح ياكل هواي واليسمن
💥increased prolactin secretion (Ripseridone),
💥extra-pyramidal side effects (less common with atypical anti-psychotics), postural hypotension, and cardiac toxicity (causing long QT syndrome).
Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety can be described as fear out of proportion of the situation, so that individuals undergo avoidance of the certain scenario or physical symptoms such as 💥💥light-headedness, shortness of breath, or hot and cold flushes. First line treatment for an anxiety disorder is non-pharmacological, commonly CBT, yet pharmacological agents can be used as adjuncts in severe cases.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines The main pharmacological treatment involved in anxiety disorders is benzodiazepines, which 👾👾act on the GABA receptors. However, these are still rarely prescribed due to 🤮🤮serious side effects of significant dependence, drowsiness, dizziness, and psychomotor impairment; there is a toxic effect if taken during pregnancy. Overdose of the drugs is rare, yet any overdose can be treated by 💥Flumazenil, which acts as a BDZ antagonist on the GABA receptor.
Typical drugs
Inhibit D receptor
Effect more on the positive sx
More extrapyramidal sx
Atypical drugs
Inhibit D and seretonine
Effect more on the - and + ones
Less extra pyramidal sx
