Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y4 Farm - Miscellaneous > Antimicrobial use > Flashcards

Antimicrobial use Flashcards

1
Q

Most common AB used on farm

A
  • penicillin
  • amoxicillin
  • tetracyclines
  • TMPS
  • aminoglycosides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bactericidal vs bacteriostatic

A
  • bactericidal kills the bacteria
  • bacteriostatic suppresses the growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Penicillin: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Penicillin: safe in pregnancy?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Penicillin: what does it penetrate in high doses?

A
  • joints
  • pleural cavity
  • peritoneal cavity
  • CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes the resistance of penicillin?

A
  • beta-lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is penicillin eliminated?

A
  • kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of aminopenicillins

A
  • cloaxillin
  • ampicillin
  • amoxicillin
  • clavulanic acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Benefit of aminopenicillins over penicillin?

A
  • work better against gram-negatives
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cephalosporins: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do cephalosporins work best against?

A
  • gram positive aerobes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do cephalosporins penetrate the placenta?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are cephalosporins not suitable for intra-mammary administration?

A
  • low lipid solubility so will become trapped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are cephalosporins safe in the pregnant animal?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are cephalosporins eliminated?

A
  • kidney
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of 1st gen cephalosporins

A
  • cefalexin
  • cefalonium
  • cefazolin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples of 2nd gen cephalosporins

A
  • not used
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Examples of 3rd gen cephalosporins

A
  • ceftiofur
  • cefapirin
  • cefoperazone
  • cefovecin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Example of 4th gen cephalosporin

A
  • cefquinome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What generation of cephalosporins is the most broad spec?

A
  • 4th gen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Potentiated sulphonamides: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do potentiated sulphonamides work well against?

A
  • gram positive aerobes
  • gram negative aerobes
  • some anaerobes but not clostridia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are potentiated sulphonamides deactivated by?

A
  • organic matter e.g. pus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tissue penetration of potentiated sulphonamides

A

Good:
- CNS
- lung
- prostate
- skin
- mammary gland
- GIT
- urinary tract
- synovial fluid
- eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Are potentiated sulphonamides safe in pregnant animals?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is potentiated sulphonamides metabolised by?

A
  • liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are potentiated sulphonamides eliminated by?

A
  • kidneys
28
Q

Example of potentiated sulphonamide

A
  • TMPS
29
Q

Tetracyclines: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bacteriostatic
30
Q

What do tetracyclines work well against?

A
  • gram negative
  • gram positive
  • some action against anaerobes
31
Q

What specific bacteria do tetracyclines work well against?

A
  • chlamydia
  • mycoplasma
  • bordetella
  • spirochaetes
32
Q

What can tetracyclines penetrate?

A
  • most bodily tissues and fluids
33
Q

Examples of tetracyclines

A
  • oxytetracycline
  • doxycycline
34
Q

What trimester should you avoid the use of tetracyclines?

A
  • 1st
35
Q

Aminoglycosides: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
36
Q

What do aminoglycosides work against?

A
  • gram negative aerobes
37
Q

Do aminoglycosides have good penetration?

A
  • no
38
Q

What are aminoglycosides deactivated by?

A
  • pus
39
Q

Are aminoglycosides safe in pregnant animals?

A
  • yes
40
Q

What other class of antibiotic can aminoglycosides be combined with?

A
  • penicillin
41
Q

Examples of aminoglycosides

A
  • gentamicin
  • streptomycin
  • neomycin
42
Q

What aminoglycosides is banned in food-producing animals?

A
  • gentamycin
43
Q

Macrolides: bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A
  • bacteriostatic
44
Q

What do macrolides work against?

A
  • gram positive
  • gram negative
45
Q

Do macrolides have good or poor penetration?

A
  • good
46
Q

Where are macrolides excreted?

A
  • bile
47
Q

What macrolide can not be used in lactating animals?

A
  • tulathromycin
48
Q

Examples of macrolides

A
  • erythromycin
  • tulathromycin
  • tilmicosin
49
Q

What category of antibiotics should be used in the first instance?

A
  • cat D
50
Q

When can category C antibiotics be considered?

A
  • when cat D is not clinically effective
51
Q

When can category B antibiotics be considered?

A
  • when there is no appropriate cat C or D
52
Q

When can category A antibiotics be considered?

A
  • never
    – not authorised in food-producing animals
53
Q

Examples of cat D AB

A
  • amoxicillin
  • oxytet
  • penicillin
  • cloaxicillin
  • TMPS
54
Q

Examples of cat C AB

A
  • streptomycin
  • amoxiclav
  • cefalexin
  • florefenicol
  • tulathromycin
55
Q

Examples of cat B AB

A
  • cephalosporin 3rd & 4th gen
  • polymixins
  • quinolones
56
Q

What AB would you give: BRD infection

A
  • oxytet
57
Q

What AB would you give: bacterial meningitis

A
  • TMPS
58
Q

What AB would you give:
Pig with diamond shaped skin lesions on its back?

A
  • penicillin
59
Q

What is the likely diagnosis of a pig with diamond shaped skin lesions on its back?

A
  • erysipelas
60
Q

What AB would you give:
Sheep with head tilt, circling with a flaccid left ear?

A
  • penicillin
61
Q

What AB would you give:
Large swelling of carpus in a calf?

A
  • penicillin
62
Q

What AB would you give: A cow with a stiff gait, elevated tail head and muscle tremors in the hindlimb?

A
  • penicillin
63
Q

What AB would you give: Recumbent pyrexic calf with no suckle reflex?

A
  • TMPS
64
Q

What AB would you give: 3cm red raw lesion in the interdigital space of the hindclaw?

A
  • oxytet
65
Q

What AB would you give: Young heifers at grass with corneal opaqueness, blepharospasm and photospasm?

A
  • oxytet
66
Q

What AB would you give: Ewe that is depressed with harsh lung sounds?

A
  • oxytet
67
Q

What is the likely diagnosis for a cow with a stiff gait, elevated tail head and muscle tremors in the hindlimb?

A
  • tetanus

Y4 Farm - Miscellaneous (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions