Antifungals/Antiparasites Flashcards
mechanism of ampho B
binds ergosterol and forms membrane pores that allow electrolyte leakage
should supplement ___ and ___ in pts taking ampho B
K+, Mg 2+
SEs of ampho B
- fever, chills
- nephrotoxicity –> hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia –> arrythmias
- anemia
- IV phlebitis
(can prevent with hydration and using liposomal ampho B)
mechanism of nystatin
binds ergosterol and forms membrane pores that allow electrolyte leakage
clinical use of nystatin
only used topically - oral/vaginal candidiasis, diaper rash
mechanism of flucytosine
converts to 5-FU via cytosine deaminase and prevents DNA/RNA synthesis
clinical use of flucytosine
used with ampho B, particularly in C. neoformans meningitis
PPx for prior C. neoformans meningitis
fluconazole
SEs of flucytosine
BM suppression
mechanism of -azole antifungals
inhibit fungal ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting 14-a-demethylase, which leads to cell membrane breakdown
itraconazole ____ steroid hormone synthesis
increases
ketoconazole ____ steroid hormone synthesis
decreases
mechanism of terbinafine
inhibition of squalene epoxidase, which helps produce ergosterol for cell membrane
clinical use of terbinafine
dermatophytoses esp. onchomycosis
SEs of terbinafine
hepatotoxicity, taste disturbances
