Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology II > Antifungal Drugs > Flashcards

Antifungal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are Fungal infections also known as?

A

One fungal infection is known as mycosis
A variety of fungi causing infection is known as mycoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some common areas of the body for Flora to grow?

A

Skin, intestine, vagina, mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: yeasts are single celled Fungi?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do yeasts reproduce?

A

Budding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F: Moulds are single cellular?

A

F: moulds are multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four general types of infections?

A

Cutaneous
Subcutaneous
Superficial
Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Candida albicans?

A

A common type of fungi that lives on the human body and may cause systemic infections after antibiotic therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Growth of Candida albicans in the mouth is known as?

A

Thrushin children , or oral candidasis in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thrush is common in what demographic?

A

infants and immunocompromised patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Yeast infections are also known as?

A

Vaginal candidasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who is at higher risk of having vaginal candidasis?

A

Pregnant women
women with diabetes
women taking oral contraceptives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two systemic antifungal drugs used to treat fungal infections?

A

Terbinafine, and Voriconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the four Antifungal drug classes?

A

Triazoles
Echinocandins
Imidazoles
Polyenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA of flucytosine?

A

disrupts fungal cells ability to synthesize DNA causing cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MOA of Griseofulvin?

A

This drug disrupts cell division inhibiting mitosis in fungal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the MOA of Amphotericin B and Nystatin

A

Binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes causing death of the fungal cell by allowing electrolyes to leave the cell

17
Q

Dose amphotericin B and nystatin bind to human cells?

A

No they do not bind to human cells or kill human cells

18
Q

What is the MOA of ketoconazole and fluconazole?

A

the inhibit fungal cell’s P450 enzymes which causes the cell to leak causing altered cellular metabolism

19
Q

What is the MOA Of caspofungin?

A

It prevents the synthesis of glucans which are essential components of fungal cell walls

20
Q

What are the indications of Antifungal drugs?

A

depends on the type and location of infection

21
Q

What is the drug of choice for systemic fungal infections?

A

amphotericin B.

22
Q

Which drug can pass into the cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Fluconazole

23
Q

What drug is effective in the treatment of Cryptococcal menigitis?

A

Fluconazole

24
Q

What are the contraindications of Antifungal drugs?

A

Allergies
liver or kidney failure

25
Q

What is a contraindication for Griseofulvin?

A

porphyria

26
Q

What drug is contraindicated for patients being treated for onychomycoses in patients with cardiac issues?

A

Itraconazole

27
Q

What drug can cause fetal harm or death?

A

Voriconazole

28
Q

What are the AEs of Amphotericin B?

A

Cardiac dysrhythmias
Neurotoxicity; tinnitus; visual disturbances; paresthesias; convulsions
Kidney toxicity, potassium loss, hypomagnesemia
Pulmonary infiltrates
Fever, chills, headache, nausea, occasional hypotension, gastrointestinal upset, anemia

29
Q

What types of drugs are used to prevent the AEs of antifungals?

A

antiemetics, antihistamines, antipyretics, and corticosteroids

30
Q

T/F: infusing antifungals over a longer period of time can reduce AEs?

A

T: usually over 2-6 hr

31
Q

What are the AEs of Fluconazole?

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain,
Increased liver enzymes
Use with caution in patients with kidney or liver dysfunction

32
Q

What are the AEs of Nystatin (topical)

A

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, rash, urticaria

33
Q

What dose the enzyme P450 do?

A

It is a necessary enzyme system that is needed to metabolize antifungal drugs

34
Q

What could happen if two antifungal drugs that are both metabolized by the P450 enzyme are administered at the same time? Why?

A

the levels of one drug could become higher because of the competition for the enzymes

35
Q

What needs to be assessed before and during Antifungal drug therapy?

A

hypersensitivity
contraindications
VS
CBC
liver and renal function
cardiac function

36
Q

How often do VS need to be monitored while the patient is on IV antifungal drugs?

A

Q 15-30 mins

37
Q

T/F: IV pump infusions should be placed at the most proximal veins?

A

F: they should be placed at the most distal vein possible

38
Q
A

Pharmacology II (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions