Anti-inflammatory and Antigout Drugs

Question 1

What are common signs of Inflammation?

Answer 1

Pain, fever, loss of function, redness, and swelling

Question 2

What is the goal of Inflammation?

Answer 2

to destroy, dilute, or wall off (sequester) both the injurious agent and the injured tissue

Question 3

What Activities do NSAIDS preform?

Answer 3

Analgesic activities
Anti-inflammatory activities
Antipyretic activities
only aspirin preforms platelet inhibition

Question 4

What properties do all NSAIDS share?

Answer 4

Antipyretic properties
Analgesic properties
Anti-inflammatory properties

Question 5

What are NSAIDS are Salicylates?

Answer 5

aspirin

Question 6

What NSAIDS are Acetic acid derivatives?

Answer 6

diclofenac sodium (Voltaren®)
indomethacin sulindac
ketorolac (Toradol®)

Question 7

What NSAIDS are Cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors

Answer 7

celecoxib (Celebrex®)

Question 8

What NSAIDS are Propionic acid deravities?

Answer 8

ibuprofen
naproxen

Question 9

Aspirin is shown to reduce the risk of what if taken at the first signs?

Answer 9

MI

Question 10

When are NSAIDS contraindicated?

Answer 10

allergy
risk for bleeding
rhinitis
vit k deficiency
peptic ulcer disease

Question 11

What are the AEs of NSAIDs

Answer 11

Heartburn to severe GI bleeding
Acute kidney injury
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Altered hemostasis
Hepatotoxicity
Skin eruption, sensitivity reaction
Tinnitus, hearing loss

Question 12

What causes many of the AEs of NSAIDs?

Answer 12

due to the inhibition of prostaglandins which help maintain the stomach lining

Question 13

What drug has a cytoprotective component and inhibits gastric acid secretion?

Answer 13

Misoprostol

Question 14

How do NSAIDS influence the Kidneys?

Answer 14

disrupt prostaglandins which may cause acute or chronic kidney failure

Question 15

When may kidney toxicity occur if pt takes an NSAID?

Answer 15

dehydration, heart failure, or liver dysfunction, or with the use of diuretics or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Question 16

A patient is at increased risk for MI, CVA, and GI AEs if taking what type of drug?

Answer 16

NSAID

Question 17

What is the most common Salicylate?

Answer 17

Aspirin

Question 18

What route can Salicylate be given?

Answer 18

PO, Topical, rectal,

Question 19

Salicylates may cause what syndrome?

Answer 19

Reye’s syndrome

Question 20

What are the common dosages of Aspirin

Answer 20

81 mg or 325 mg

Question 21

What is Reye’s syndrome triggered by?

Answer 21

viral illnesses (influenza) use of salicylates and viral illness combo

Question 22

What dose Reye’s syndrome result in?

Answer 22

Permanent neurological damage

Question 23

What are the signs of a Salicylate intoxication (Salicylism)?

Answer 23

Increased heart rate
Tinnitus, hearing loss, dimness of vision, headache, dizziness, mental confusion, drowsiness
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Sweating, thirst, hyperventilation, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia

Question 24

What is Indomethacin used for?

Answer 24

rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), acute bursitis or tendonitis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute gouty arthritis

Question 25

This drug has analgesic effects comparable to morphine

Answer 25

Toradol

Question 26

How long is Ketorolac indicated for?

Answer 26

5-7 days

Question 27

What are some AEs for Ketorolac

Answer 27

kidney impairment, edema, GI pain, dyspepsia, and nausea

Question 28

What is the most common NSAID

Answer 28

Ibuprofen

Question 29

What is Ibuprofen used for?

Answer 29

analgesic effects in the management of RA, OA, primary dysmenorrhea, dental pain, musculoskeletal disorders; antipyretic actions

Question 30

This drug a somewhat better AE profile compared to Ibuprofen?

Answer 30

Naproxen

Question 31

What are some AEs of COX-2 inhibitors?

Answer 31

headache, sinus irritation, diarrhea, fatigue, dizziness, lower-extremity edema, and hypertension

Question 32

What is Misoprostol used for

Answer 32

To reduce the AEs associated with NSAIDs

Question 33

What are the AEs of NSAIDS?

Answer 33

Dyspepsia, heartburn, epigastric distress, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain GI bleeding* Mucosal lesions* (erosions or ulcerations) decreased creatinine clearance AKI pulmonary edema

Question 34

What is Gout?

Answer 34

A condition caused by inappropriate uric acid metabolism resulting in pain

Question 35

What are the Antigout drugs you need to know for the exam?

Answer 35

Allopurinol colchicine probenecid

Question 36

What dose Allopurinol do?

Answer 36

prevents uric acid production and prevents acute tumor lysis syndrome

Question 37

What are the side effects of Allopurinol?

Answer 37

exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Question 38

What dose probenecid do?

Answer 38

Inhibits the reabsorption of uric acid in the kidneys and thus increases the excretion of uric acid

Question 39

What dose Colchicine do?

Answer 39

Reduces the inflammatory response to the deposits of urate crystals in joint tissue

Question 40

What is the dosage of colchicine for acute gout attacks?

Answer 40

0.6 mg OD or BID

Question 41

What herbal products are used for gout?

Answer 41

Glucosamine and Chondroitin

Question 42

What dose the nurse need to look out for when patients is taking NSAIDS

Answer 42

GI lesions, peptic ulcer disease, bleeding disorders

Question 43

Who should never receive salicylates? Why?

Answer 43

Children or teens due to Reye's syndrome

Question 44

What should NSAIDS be given with?

Answer 44

food, milk, or antacid to avoid irritation

Question 45

How long can it take for NSAIDs to show a therapeutic effect?

Answer 45

1 week