Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs

Question 1

What is Nausea?

Answer 1

A sensation that often leads to vomiting

Question 2

What is Emesis?

Answer 2

The Forcible emptying of gastric and sometimes intestinal contents

Question 3

What is the goal of Antiemetic drugs?

Answer 3

These drugs are used to relive nausea and vomiting

Question 4

Once stimulated this will cause vomiting

Answer 4

Vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone

Question 5

What are the three types of Nausea and vomiting

Answer 5

Chemotherapy induced
Postoperative
General

Question 6

What are the three pathways that lead to the CTZ?

Answer 6

GI tract
Labyrinth (Inner ear)
Cerebral Cortex

Question 7

What are the Classes of Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 7

Anticholinergics
Antihistamines
Antidopaminergic
Neurokinin antagonists
Prokinetic
Serotonin
Tetrahydro cannabinoids

Question 8

What is the MOA of Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 8

Most work by blocking one of the pathways that leads to the CTZ

Question 9

Which drugs block the GI pathway?

Answer 9

Prokinetic drugs and Serotonin blockers

Question 10

Which drugs block the labyrinth pathway?

Answer 10

Anticholinergics
Antihistamines
Neuroleptics
Prokinetic drugs

Question 11

Which drugs block the Cerebral Cortex pathway?

Answer 11

Tetrahydro cannabinoids
Corticosteroids
benzodiazepines

Question 12

Which drugs Block the CTZ?

Answer 12

Serotonin Blocker
Neuroleptics
Prokinetic Drugs

Question 13

Which drug blocks the Vomit zone?

Answer 13

Serotonin Blockers

Question 14

What are the indications of Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs

Answer 14

General use of prevention and reduction of nausea and vomiting, but can vary depending on class of drug

Question 15

What is the MOA of Anticholinergic Drugs Antiemetics and Antinausea Drug?

Answer 15

Blocks acetylcholine receptors in Labyrinth
Blocks transmissions to CTZ and vomiting center

Question 16

What is an Example of Anticholinergic Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 16

Scopolamine

Question 17

What is the MOA of Antihistamine Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs

Answer 17

Blocks binding of acetylcholine to H1 receptors
Prevents cholinergic stimuli in vestibular and reticular areas
Used in Motion sickness, nonproductive coughs, allergic reactions, and sedation

Question 18

What are Indications of Antihistamines?

Answer 18

Nausea and vomiting, Motion sickness, nonproductive coughs, allergic reactions, and sedation

Question 19

What are some Examples of Antihistamine Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 19

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol)

Question 20

What is the MOA of Antidopaminergic Drugs?

Answer 20

Blocks dopamine receptors in the CTZ

Question 21

What are the indications of Antidopaminergic Drugs?

Answer 21

Nausea, vomiting, psychotic disorders, intractable hiccups

Question 22

What is an example of Antidopaminergic Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 22

Prochlorperazine

Question 23

What is the MOA of Neurokinin Receptor antagonists?

Answer 23

Inhibits substance P receptors in the Brain stem

Question 24

What are the indications of Neurokinin Receptor Antagonists?

Answer 24

Used with: Serotonin and Glucocorticoids to inhibit acute chemotherapy induced vomiting

Question 25

What is an example of Neurokinin Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 25

Aprepitant

Question 26

What is the MOA of Prokinetic Drugs?

Answer 26

Blocks dopamine receptors in CTZ and causes CTZ to become desensitized from GI transmissions. Causes the GI to empty faster

Question 27

What are the indications of Prokinetic Drugs?

Answer 27

Nausea and Vomiting, Gastrointestinal reflux

Question 28

What is an example of Prokinetic drugs?

Answer 28

Metoclopramide

Question 29

What is the MOA of Serotonin Blockers?

Answer 29

Block serotonin receptors in the GI tract, CTZ, and vomit center

Question 30

What are the indications for Serotonin Blockers?

Answer 30

Nausea, vomiting, in chemotherapy induced and post operative vomiting

Question 31

What is an example of Serotonin blocker Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 31

Ondansetron

Question 32

What is the MOA of Tetrahydrocannabinoids?

Answer 32

Inhibitory effects in reticular formation, thalamus, and cerebral cortex

Question 33

What drug will alter a persons body's perception and senses, and may reduce nausea and vomiting?

Answer 33

Tetrahydrocannabinoids

Question 34

What are the Indications of Tetrahydrocannabinoids?

Answer 34

nausea and vomiting, due to chemotherapy, anorexia, and AIDS

Question 35

What is an example of a Tetrahydrocannabinoids drug?

Answer 35

Medical marihuana

Question 36

What is Doxylamine Succinate, and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride used for?

Answer 36

Morning sickness (nausea and vomiting during morning sickness)

Question 37

What are the Adverse Effects of Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 37

Varies according to drug use and are based on their nonselective blockade of receptors

Question 38

What is the Herbal product that is used for Nausea and vomiting?

Answer 38

Ginger

Question 39

What are the Adverse Effects of Ginger?

Answer 39

Anorexia nausea vomiting skin reactions

Question 40

What interactions of ginger should a nurse be aware of?

Answer 40

increased absorption of oral meds increased bleed risk with anticoagulants

Question 41

What dose a Nurse need to Asses when administering Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs?

Answer 41

Nausea and vomiting hx current meds interactions and contraindications

Question 42

T/F: Antiemetics and Antinausea Drugs may cause drowsiness?

Answer 42

T

Question 43

_____ when taken with antiemetics may cause severe CNS depression

Answer 43

Alcohol

Question 44

How far in advance should antiemetics be given for Chemo patients?