Antiepileptics Flashcards
How are antiepileptics mainly metabolised and excreted?
Excreted as a conjugate with glucuronide.
Cellular mechanisms of excitation are?
Inward Na currents
Inward Ca currents
Petit mal produces are also called what kind of seizures?
Absence seizures
Name the benzodiazepines used to treat epilepsy:
Diazepam and cloanazepam
Phenytoin has a few pharmacokinetic effects, what are they?
Competes with a few drugs for protein binding.
Induces liver enzymes that metabolise corticosteroids and oral contraceptives.
What is the difference between a partial and a generalised seizure?
A partial seizure is local to begin with and the goes global.
A generalised seizure is in both hemispheres is global from the beginning
Name the hydanatoin used to treat epilepsy:
Phenytoin
Name the barbituate used to treat epilepsy:
Phenobarbitone
The most common form of seizures in paediatric patients are?
Absence seizures.
Grand mal seizures are also called what kind of seizures?
Tonic clonic.
Why does phenytoin have a sudden increase in plasma levels around therapeutic levels?
It reaches zero-order kinetics around the therapeutic dose.
What sort of patients have to reconsider treatment with antiepileptic drugs?
Pregnant patients. Antiepileptic drugs have teratogenic effects.
What is the difference between a simple and a complex seizure?
A simple seizure involves no alteration in consciousness.
A complex seizure involves an impaired or lost LOC.
Most common form of partial (focal) seizures is?
Temporal lobe epilepsy.
Cellular mechanism of inhibition:
Inward Cl- currents
Outward K+ currents
