Antiemetics Flashcards
Antihistamine examples
Cyclizine
Promethazine
Antihistamine MOA
Blocks H1receptors in the vomiting centre in medulla
Antihistamine SE
Sedation
Antimuscarinic - dry mouth, blurred vision
Hypotension
Dopamine antagonists MOA
Block D2 receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone
Dopamine antagonists examples
Metoclopramide
Domperidone
Droperidol
Levomepromezine
Prochlorperazine
Promethazine
Dopamine antagonists SE
Extrapyramidal SE - tardive dyskinesia
Galactorrhoea
Orthostatic hypotension
Sedation
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Blood dyscrasias
Droperidol - QTc prolongation + sudden cardiac death
Metoclopramide - prokinetic
Serotonin antagonists
Inhibit action of serotonin at 5-HT3 receptor in small bowel, vagus nerve, and chemoreceptor trigger zone
Serotonin antagonists examples
Ondansetron
Serotonin antagonists SE
QTc prolongation
Constipation
Headache
Flushing
Small R of cleft lip/palate + structural heart defects