anticoagulation overview

Question 1

Substances that promote coagulation:

Answer 1

◦ Platelets
◦ Activated clotting factors
◦ Von Willebrand factor ◦ Tissue thromboplastin
◦ Factor V Leiden

Question 2

Substances that inhibit coagulation

Answer 2

◦ Prostacyclin
◦ Antithrombin II and III
◦ Proteins C and S

Question 3

Vichow’s Triad

Answer 3

2 of 3 risk factors must be present for clot to form

◦ Venous stasis risk
◦ Damage to venous epithelium
◦ Hypercoagulable state

Question 4

Other risk factors: for clotting

Answer 4

> 40 years, cigarette smoking, CV disease (a-fib, MI, HTN, CVA), DM, Joint arthoplasty, varicose veins or prior hx of thrombophlebitis, sepsis, trauma or spinal cord injury

Question 5

consequences of a clot

Answer 5

◦ DVT (deep vein thrombus) ◦ PE (pulmonary embolism) ◦ MI (myocardial infarction) ◦ CVA (cerebral vascular accident)

Question 6

oral anticoagulants

Answer 6

◦ Warfarin

◦ Factor Xa inhibitors

Question 7

Parenteral anticoagulants

Answer 7

◦ Heparin
◦ LMW Heparin
◦ Fondaparinux (Arixta)

Question 8

other types of drugs that work on clots

Answer 8

Antiplatelets

Thrombolytics