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Top 300 > Antibiotics Chapter > Flashcards

Antibiotics Chapter Flashcards

1
Q

Moa

50 S protein synthesis inhibitors

A

Macrolides
Clindamycin
Oxalolidiones (Linezolid)
Streptogramins (quinopristin/dalfopristin)

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2
Q

Moa

Cell wall inhibitors (bacteriocodal)

A

Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenams, vancomycin, monobactans, fosfomycin

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3
Q

Dna/ rna inhibitors (bacteriocodal)

A

FQ (dna gyrase/topoisomerase)
Rifampin
Flagyl

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4
Q

Call membrane inhibitors (bacteriocidal)

A

Polymixins (colisitin)

Daptomycin

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5
Q

Folic acid synthesis inhibitors: bacteriostatic alone, but cidal in combination

A

Sulfonamides and trimethoprim

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6
Q

Concentration dependent drugs

A

AG
FQ
Daptomycin

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7
Q

Time dependent drugs

A

Cephalosporins
Carbapenams
B-lactams

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8
Q

Auc :mic

A

Vancomycin
Macrolides
Tetracyclines

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9
Q

Hydrophilic agents

A 
Beta lactams 
AG 
Glycopeptides 
Daptomycin 
Colistin
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10
Q

Lipophillic agents

A 
FQ 
Macrolides
Rifampin 
Linezolid
Tetracyclines 
Chloeamphenicol
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11
Q

Moa

30 S protein synthesis inhibitors

A

AG and tetracyclines

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12
Q

Seizures with accumulation ; allergic reactions

A

Beta-lactams

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13
Q

Ototoxic, infusion reactions (redmans syndrome)

A

Vancomycin

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14
Q

Additive QTc interval, muscle toxicity, phlebitis, D5W only

A

Synercid

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15
Q

Interaction with statins due to increase cPK

A

Daptomycin

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16
Q

Turns urine red

A

Rifampin

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17
Q

BBW: colitis

A

Clindamycin

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18
Q

Serotonin syndrome (can’t use with SSri, MAO-I, and HTN crisis patients (sympathininetics), BMS

A

Linezolid

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19
Q

Contraindicated with CrCL

A

Nitrofurantoin

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20
Q

Avoid during 3rd trimester. Allergic reactions and photosensitive

A

Bactrim

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21
Q

Avoid during first trimester

A

Flagyl

22
Q

Increase neuromuscular blockers, Ototoxic based on dose

A

AG

23
Q

BBW: tendonitis, additive QT c, photosensitive, cations ***

A

Quinolones

24
Q

Additive QTc and hepatic toxicity

A

Macrolides

25
Q

Cations and photosensitive

A

Tetracyclines

26
Q

CNS/meningitis

A 
Streptococcus pneumonia 
Neisseria gonorrheoae
H. Influenza 
Streptococci/E. Coli (young) 
Listeria (young/old)
27
Q

Abelcet

A

Amphotericin B lipid complex

28
Q

AmBisome

A

Liposomes Amphotericin B

29
Q

Amphotec

A

Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex

30
Q

The conventional aphotericin formulation

A

Amphotericin B desoxycholate

31
Q

Fluconazole IV/PO

A

1:1

32
Q

What is ketoconazold more likely used for?

A

Androgen related disorders due to its anti-androgenic activity

33
Q

Can itraconazole capsules and solutions be changed interchangeably?

A

No

34
Q

How take itraconazole capsules?

A

With food. Requires gastric acidity for absorption

35
Q

How take itraconazole solution?

A

More bioavailability than capsules. Take on an empty stomach

36
Q

What is the DOC for treating Aspergillus?

A

Voriconazole

37
Q

Which two antifungals have pH dependent absorption?

A

Itraconazole and ketoconazole

Don’t use with antacids!!!

38
Q

All Azole antifungals are ______inhibitors

A

3A4

39
Q

What is voriconazoles big adverse effect?

A

Visual changes. Caution driving at night. Avoid direct sunlight

40
Q

What electrolytes do you need to correct before starting voriconazoles?

A

K+, Ca2+, Mg 2+

41
Q

Voriconazoles follows what kinetics?

A

1st order followed by Michaelis-Menten non-linear kinetics

42
Q

Caspofungin can cause bad ___

A

Hepatotoxicity

43
Q

Inhibit synthesis of B (1,3) - D - glucagon. Fungicidal

A

Echinocandins

44
Q

List the Echinocandins

A

Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafungin

45
Q

Bind to ergosterol, altering cell membrane permeability in susceptible fungi and causing cell death ; fungicidal

A

Amp B

46
Q

Penetrates fungal cells and is converted to flourouracil which competes with uracil, interfering with fungal RNA and protein synthesis ;fungicidal

A

Flucytosine

Don’t use as monogherapy. use with amp B to have synergy

47
Q

Decrease ergosterole synthesis and inhibit cell membrane formation and are typically fungistatic, but may be fungicidal for select fungal pathogens

A

Azole antifungals

48
Q

What Does posaconazole cover that Vori does not?

A

Zygomycosis/Mucor

49
Q

Neuramindase inhibitors

A

Tamiflu (oseltamivir)

Zanamivir (Relenza)

50
Q

Neuramidase inhibitors affect _________of viral particles

A

The release

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