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Principles of Infectious Diseases > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Antibiotic

A

Chemical substance that is produced by microorganisms and has the capacity in dilute solution to selectivity inhibit growth or kill other microorganisms

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2
Q

Antimicrobial/ Antibacterial

A

Any substance of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic origin that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms/ bacteria but causes little or no damage to host

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3
Q

T or F

All antibiotics are antimicrobials but not all antimicrobials are antibiotics

A

True

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4
Q

Antimicrobial use in animals

A

Therapeutic use
Prophylactic use
Metaphylactic use
Growth promotion

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5
Q

Therapeutic use

A

When diseased animals are treated to cure infection

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6
Q

Prophylactic use

A

When healthy herds or animals are used to prevent infection

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7
Q

Metaphylactic use

A

When diseased herds are treated to cure infection in some individuals and prevent infection

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8
Q

Growth promotion

A

when healthy animals are treated with low concentrations in feed to improve growth rate and efficiency to feed utilization and improve reproductive performance

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9
Q

Classification of antimicrobial agent (5)

A 
Chemical structure
origin
Effect on bacteria
Spectrum activity
Mode of Action
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10
Q

Classification according to origin refers to

A

Natural
Synthetic
Semi synthetic

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11
Q

Natural antibacterial

A

Produced by fungi and bacteria (antibiotics)

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12
Q

Synthetic

A

Chemically designed

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13
Q

Semi synthetic

A

Chemically altered

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14
Q

Class Aminoglycoside originate from

A

Streptomyeces spp

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15
Q

Class Cephalosporin origin

A

Cephalosporium

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16
Q

Class Macrolides origin

A

various Actinomyecetes

17
Q

Class penicillin originate

A

Penicillum sp

18
Q

Class Phenicols originate

A

Streptomyeces venezuelae

19
Q

Quinolones originate

A

Synthetic

20
Q

Rifamycins originate

A

Amycolaptosis mediterranei

21
Q

Sulfonamides originate

A

Synthetic

22
Q

Tetracycline originate

A

Streptomyeces sp.

23
Q

Bactericidal drugs

A

KILL

24
Q

Bacteriostatic drugs

A

Inhibit growth

25
Q

Bacteriostatic drugs (7)

A 
Lyncomycin 
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Sulfadiazine
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline
26
Q

Bacteriocidal Drugs (10)

A 
Gentamicin
Amikacin
Cefalexin
Ceftiofur
Vancomycin
Penicillin G
Ampicillin
Eroflaxin 
Ciproflaxin
Rifampicin
27
Q

Narrow Spectrum

A

Drugs have activity restricted to few bacterial groups

28
Q

Broad spectrum

A

Drugs have activity against a wide range of different bacterial organisms

29
Q

Co resistance

A

Co-existence of multiple genes or mutations encoding resistance to different drugs within same strain or genetic element

30
Q

Co-selection

A

Selection of multiple resistance genes when one of these gene is selected

Principles of Infectious Diseases (12 decks)

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