Antibiotics 22-32

Question 1

Polymyxin mechanism

Answer 1

cationic detergent to inhibit membrane function

Question 2

Polymyxins are effective against

Answer 2

Gram negative because positive is too thick

Question 3

Daptomycin mechanism

Answer 3

Lipopeptide binds to membrane cause depolarization

Question 4

Which protein syntheisis inhibitors are cidal

Answer 4

AMinoglycosides

Quinupristin/dalfoprisint

Question 5

Which protein synthesis inhibitors are 30s

Answer 5

Tetracylins

Aminoglycosides (30 and 50)

Question 6

Aminoglycoside mechanism

Answer 6

30s and 50s
Adenylation
Acylation
Phosphorylation

Question 7

Streptomycin used in conjuction with

Answer 7

Penicillin

Question 8

Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin use

Answer 8

Gram positive when used in conjunction with B-Lactams

Question 9

Toxicity of Aminoglycosides

Answer 9

Ototoxic (hair): irreversible
Nephrotoxic: reversible
Neuromuscular blockade in patients with myaesthenia Gravis

Question 10

How to monitor Aminglycosides

Answer 10

Trough levels because concentration dependent

Question 11

How to tetracyclins target bacterial cells

Answer 11

endergy dependent transporter lacking in mammalian cells

Question 12

Tetracyclin resistance

Answer 12

Increased efflux pump

Decreased binding to ribosomes

Question 13

Side effect of Chloramphenicol

Answer 13

Aplastic Anemia

Grey baby syndrome

Question 14

Macrolide metabolism

Answer 14

Erythromycin: 1.5 hr liver/bile
Azithromycin: 68 hr liver/bile
Clarithromycin 3-7 hr liver/bile

Question 15

Clindamycin should not be used to treat

Answer 15

C. difficile (treat it with metronidazole)