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Pharmacy > Anti-Parasitics > Flashcards

Anti-Parasitics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a parasiticide?

A

Kills or inhibits internal and/or external parasites

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2
Q

True or False - Parasiticides contain poisons that are more toxic to the parasite than to the host

A

True

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3
Q

True or False - Margin of safety will vary depending on drug

A

True

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4
Q

What category? - Kills helminthes

A

Anthelmintics

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5
Q

What category? - Kills protozoa

A

Amebicides

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6
Q

What category? - Kills arthropods

A

Insecticides

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7
Q

What are 3 considerations of parasiticides?

A

Continual reinfestation occurs
Parasites may develop immunity
Treatment may occur too late

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8
Q

True or False - Drugs are a permanent cure

A

False - only temporary

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9
Q

Poor response can appear in what 5 ways?

A

Incorrect drug for parasite
Incorrect dosage/administration
Incorrect timing with respect to lifecycle
Rapid reinfestation
Drug resistance

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10
Q
  • Most effective, least toxic
  • Broad Spectrum (endo & ectoparasites)
  • Not effective against flukes, tapeworm or protozoa
A

Avermectin

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11
Q

What are toxicities for Avermectin?

A

Very safe except:
- Collie breeds show sensitivities
- Murray Grey cattle show sensitivities
- Ataxia, tumors, pupil dilation, depression

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12
Q

Effective against nematodes, trematodes, cestodes

A

Benzimidazoles

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13
Q

What are the toxicities of Benzimidazoles?

A

Vomiting & Diarrhea
Embryotoxicity
Nematode Resistance
Albendazole can cause aplastic anemia

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14
Q
  • Narrow Spectrum = Mature and some migrating nematodes
A

Tetrahydropyrimidines

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15
Q

What are the toxicities of Tetrahydropyrimidines?

A

Well tolerated in most species
Increased resp rate, profuse sweating, ataxia

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16
Q
  • Effective against insects, mites, limited nematodes
  • Topical as insecticide
A

Organophosphates

17
Q

What are the toxicities of Organophosphates?

A

Excessive sweating
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Muscle Tremors
Miosis

18
Q

Which parasiticide is toxic to all man & animal and is banned for veterinary use?

A

Organophosphates

19
Q
  • Effective against canine & feline cestodes, tapeworms for dogs, cats & horses
A

Praziquantel / Epsirantel

20
Q

What are the toxicities of Praziquantel/Espirantel?

A

40x dosage toxicity
Not recommended for very young animals

21
Q
  • Safe
  • Typically for dogs
  • Used for roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms
A

Nitroscanate

22
Q
  • used for ticks, lice, mites
A

Amitraz

23
Q

What are the toxicities to Amitraz?

A

Toxic to cats & rabbits

24
Q
  • Extract from chrysanthemum flower
  • Effective against fleas, lice, other insects
  • Used in combos
A

Pyrethrins

25
Q
  • Similar to pyrethrins
  • Topical use
A

Pyrethroids

26
Q

What are the toxicities of pyrethroids?

A

Seizures in cats

Pharmacy (9 decks)

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