Anti-Fungals

Question 1

What are included in fungal diseases?

Answer 1

Molds
Yeasts
Mushrooms

Question 2

__________ & _________ are important animal pathogens

Answer 2

Molds & Yeasts

Question 3

What are 3 things that Fungi can do?

Answer 3

Invade healthy tissue
Produce harmful toxins (mycotoxins)
Produce allergies via spores

Question 4

What 2 ways can fungal infections occur?

Answer 4

Topical (most common)
Systemic

Question 5

What are 2 types of fungal infections?

Answer 5

Ringworm (Trichophyton & Microsporum)
Rainscald = Dermatophilus

Question 6

Ringworm can affect which species

Answer 6

Cattle
Dog
Cats
Horses

Question 7

Rainscald affects which species

Answer 7

Horses

Question 8

What are 2 systemic fungal infections?

Answer 8

Aspergillosis
Blastomycosis

Question 9

Aspergillosis affects which species and how

Answer 9

Poultry - lung infection
Cattle - absorption
Dogs - nasal infection

Question 10

What does blastomycosis show as?

Answer 10

Pneumonia in small animals

Question 11

Which province is blastomycosis prevelant?

Answer 11

Southern Manitoba

Question 12

What are the 2 main modes of action for anti-fungals?

Answer 12

Inhibit cell wall formation
Disrupt protein synthesis

Question 13

• IV use only
• Poorly distributed in CNS, bone, eye
• For systemic fungal infections

Answer 13

Amphotericin

Question 14

What toxicities can occur for amphotericin?

Answer 14

Nephrotoxicity
GI (vomitting)
Anemia

Question 15

• Use for dermatophytosis (oral)
• Fungistatic
• Liver -> kidney metabolism

Answer 15

Griseofluvin

Question 16

What are the toxicities of Griseofluvin?

Answer 16

GI Upset
Hepatotoxicity
Photosensitization
Teratogen
Inhibits spermatogenesis

Question 17

• Oral (not absorbed systemically)
• Topical (often combined with other drugs)

Answer 17

Nystatin

Question 18

What are the toxicities of Nystatin?

Answer 18

Rare
GI Upset in high doses

Question 19

• Topical
  -Dilute & bathe

Answer 19

Enilconazole or Imaverol

Question 20

What are the toxicities of Enilconazole?

Answer 20

None. Well tolerated, non-irritating, safe with accidental digestion

Question 21

What are the 5 types of Imidazoles?

Answer 21

Miconazole
Ketoconazole
Clotrimazole
Intraconazole
Econazole

Question 22

Topical application, rare toxicity

Answer 22

Miconazole

Question 23

• Topical = ringworm & yeast
• Oral = systemic infections

Answer 23

Ketoconazole

Question 24

What are the toxicities of Ketoconazole?

Answer 24

GI upset
Hepatic Toxicity in cats
Teratogenic
Lightening of hair coat w/ chronic administration

Question 25

• Topical = dermatophytosis & yeast
• No Toxicities

Answer 25

Clotrimazole (Canesten)

Question 26

• Oral
• Systemic mycotic infections

Answer 26

Intraconazole

Question 27

What are the toxicities of Intraconazole?

Answer 27

GI upset
Hepatic Toxicity
Teratogenic
Cutaneous reactions/skin lesions

Question 28

• Topical use
• Well tolerated

Answer 28

Econazole

Question 29

True or False - Anti-virals are commonly used

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True or False - Viruses act different than bacteria

Answer 30

True - incapable of reproducing on their own

Question 31

What are 5 ways that an anti-viral could work?

Answer 31

Attachment antagonist
Inhibit viral uncoating
Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
Inhibit protein
Neuramidase inhibitors