Anti Natalist Policies Flashcards
What is the primary goal of anti-natalist policies?
To control the rate of population growth and alleviate resource pressures.
Which country is known for implementing the One-Child Policy?
China
What was the fertility rate in China from 1950 to 2000?
Fell from about 6.5 children per woman to about 1.8 children.
What were the primary methods used in China’s One-Child Policy?
- Forced birth limits
- Sterilization
- Abortions
What significant demographic change occurred in China due to the One-Child Policy?
Prevented an estimated 400 million births.
What was the successor to China’s One-Child Policy introduced in 2015?
The Two-Child Policy.
What is the Bangladeshi Miracle?
A rapid reduction in fertility rates in Bangladesh despite low socio-economic development.
What was Bangladesh’s fertility rate in 1970?
7 children per woman.
What was the fertility rate in Bangladesh by 2020?
2 children per woman.
What was a major health concern associated with high fertility rates in Bangladesh?
Poor health conditions for women and children.
What approach was used in Bangladesh’s family planning program?
Utilizing female outreach workers to provide information and motivation.
By 2020, what percentage of married women in Bangladesh were using contraception?
About 75%.
What was the cost-effectiveness estimate for Bangladesh’s family planning program?
Approximately $13 to $18 per birth averted.
What is the current fertility rate in Sub-Saharan Africa?
5 children per woman.
What challenges are associated with high fertility rates in Sub-Saharan Africa?
- Low living standards
- Low educational levels
- High disease burden
What was Nigeria’s policy introduced in 1988 aimed at?
Slowing down population growth and improving living standards.
What was one of the ambitious goals of Nigeria’s National Policy?
Reduce teenage female marriage by 80%.
What were some reasons for the failure of Nigeria’s population policy?
- Targeting illiterate rural populations
- Low educational base
- Strong traditional beliefs
- Community distrust in authorities
What is a key factor for successful demographic policy in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Integration of demographic policy with wider social and economic reform.
What has contributed to a more optimistic view of population control in Sub-Saharan Africa today?
- Greater global consensus
- Support from international organizations
- Increased demand for contraception
