anterolateral abdominal walls

Question 1

External oblique? Directed?

Attaches?

Answer 1

Muscle laterally. Aponeurosis medially.
Downwards and forwards.
External surface of Lower 8 ribs. Iliac crest. ASIS to pubic tubercle (inguinal lig). Linea alba

Question 2

Internal oblique. Directed?

Attaches?

Answer 2

Muscle laterally. Aponeurosis medially. Fan shaped. Downwards and forwards.
Attaches: Lumbar fascia, costal margin, linea alba, iliac crest

Question 3

Transversus abdominus.

Attaches?

Answer 3

Muscle laterally, aponeurosis anteriorly.

Internal surfaces of lower costal cartilages. (7-12) Lumbar fascia, iliac crest, linea alba

Question 4

Rectus abdominus.
Attaches?
Features?

Answer 4

Paired muscle medially.
Xiphoid and costal cartilages 5-7 to pubic CREST.
tendinous intersections at level of umbilicus and xiphoid process ad half way between. May be fourth between umbilicus and pubis.

Question 5

General function of anterolateral abdominal walls?

Answer 5

• Support of abdominal contents
• Expiration
• Expulsion of abdominal contents (feces to foetus)

Question 6

Anterior Rectus sheath?

Answer 6

Anterior: Made from aponeurosis of external oblique + anterior part of aponeurosis of internal oblique.

Question 7

Posterior rectus sheath?

Answer 7

Made from aponeurosis of transversus abdominus + posterior part of aponeurosis of internal oblique.

Question 8

Linea alba?

Answer 8

Where all 3 layers of the the rectus sheath fuse in the midline between the 2 parts of rectus abdominus.

Question 9

Linea semilunaris?

Answer 9

The lateral layers of rectus abdominus where the rectus sheath arises from the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles.

Question 10

What is deep to the posterior rectus sheath?

Answer 10

Transversalis fascia then variable amount of fat then peritoneum.

Question 11

What is the blood supply to rectus abdominus?

Answer 11

Deep epigastric vessels. (Superior & inferior)

Question 12

Blood supply to anterolateral muscle pairs?

Answer 12

Mostly deep circumflex iliac vessels. (branch/trib of external iliac art/vein)

Posterior intercostal vessels.

Question 13

Blood supply to skin of anterolateral abdominal wall?

Answer 13

Cutaneous branches/tributaries of:

• femoral arteries & veins
• posterior intercostal vessels
• superior & inferior epigastric vessels

Question 14

Nerves supplying anterolateral abdominal walls?

Answer 14

Lower intercostal nerves + 1st lumbar.
(T10-L1).
T10 - supplpies superficial fascia near umbilicus.
L1 - ileohypogastric & ileoinguinal nerves

Question 15

Which nerve supplies superficial fascia near umbilicus?

Answer 15

T10 (spinal) nerve.

Question 16

What is the contents of the inguinal canal in MALES?

Answer 16

Spermatic chord (ductus deferens, arteries to the tesis & ductus deferens, pampiform plexus of veins, nerves lymph vessels.

Question 17

What is the location of the inguinal canal?

Answer 17

Superficial inguinal ring: Immediately superolateral to pubic tubercle

Deep inguinal ring: opening in transversalis fascia 1cm above midinguinal point and immediately lateral to inferior epigastric artery.

Question 18

What is the contents of the inguinal canal in FEMALES?

Answer 18

Round ligament.

Question 19

Where is the femoral canal located?

Contents?

Answer 19

Under the spermatic cord and inguinal ligament at mid-inguinal point.
Lateral to medial contains:
Nerves, Femoral artery, femoral vein.