anterior & posterior compartments of the arm & cubital fossa Flashcards
what** 3 bones **does the **humerus articulate with **and as a result, what joints do they form?
- scapula - glenohumeral joint
- radius & ulna - elbow joint
what are the 2 necks of the humerus called & which one is more likely to fracture?
- anatomical
- surgical neck
- surgical neck is more likely to fracture -this can cause damage to the axillary nerve
what is the spiral groove of the humerus and what does it contain?
- groove on the posterior aspect of the humerus and it contains the radial nerve and deep artery of the arm
what is the quadrangular space in the arm?
- a space in the posterior axilla region
- it provides a passageway for structures to pass between the axilla and the posterior compartment of the arm - ie the axillary nerve
what is the elbow joint?
- synovial joint in the upper limb formed by the articulation between the humerus, the radius and the ulna
- flexion and extension movements
what are the 2 joints in the elbow joint?
- humeroulnar joint - joint between the trochlea on the medial aspect of the distal end of the humerus and the trocheal notch on the proximal ulna
what is a** good mnemonic **that can helop with remembering the articulations in the elbow joint?
CRAzy TULips
* Capitulum = RAdius (capitulum of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius)
* Trochlea = ULnar (trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna)
what occurs at the proximal ends of the radius and ulna ?
- they articulate with eachother and form the proximal radioulnar joint (seperate articulation from the elbow joint)
- pivot joint - allows rotational movement of the radius on the ulna
what is the ulnar collateral ligament?
- one of the ligaments of the elbow
- extends from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process of the ulna
- composed of 3 parts - anterior inferior and posterior
other than the ulnar collateral ligament,** what are the other ligaments of the elbow**?
- anular ligament
- radial collateral ligament
- quadrate ligament
what is the anular ligament ?
ligament that holds the radius and ulna together at the proximal articulation
what compartment of the arm is involved in flexion of the arm?
- the anterior compartment of the arm
what compartment of the arm is involved in extension of the arm?
the posterior compartment
what are the** 3 muscles of the anterior compartment** of the arm?
BBC
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- coracobrachialis
how many heads does the biceps brachii muscle have?
2 - long and short head
where does the long vs short head of the biceps brachii originate from?
- long head - supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
- short head- coracoid process of the scapula
where do both of the heads of biceps brachii insert?
- the muscle (both heads) insert via a single tendon onto the radial tuberosity
- NB there is a continuation of this tendon on the forearm as flattened connective tissue sheath - called the** bicipital aponeurosis **
what nerve innervates the bicep brachii muscle?
- musculocutaneous nerve
what are the origins and insertions of the brachialis muscle?
brachialis muscle = deep to biceps brachi muscle
- originates from the distal/**lower half of the humeus **
- forms a singular tendon that inserts onto the ulnar tuberosity
what nerve innervates the brachialis muscle?
hint: same as biceps brachii
the musculocutaneous nerve
what is the origin and insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle?
- origin - coracoid process
- inserts onto the midshaft of the humerus
what nerve innervates the coracobrachialis muscle?
- musculocutaneous nerve
what is the brachioradialis muscle?
a superificial muscle of the forearm- also involved in flexion of the forearm but also supination & pronation
where does the brachioradialis originate and insert onto?
- originate - lateral supracondylar ridge
- inserts onto the distal styloid process of the radius
