Antenatal Screening & Nutrition

Question 1

When should folic acid be supplemented in relation to pregnancy?

Answer 1

3 months pre conception + 1st trimester

Question 2

What is the risk in folate deficiency?

Answer 2

Neural tube defects

eg. spina bifida

Question 3

Offspring of mothers with a BMI >30 are more likely to be obese and have DM later in life. T or F

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Osteomalacia, PET, GDM, caesarean, SGA, neonatal hypocalcaemia, asthma, neonatal infections and neonatal rickets are all associated with deficiency of what?

Answer 4

Vit D

Question 5

When should vit D be supplemented in relation to pregnancy?

Answer 5

Pregnant + breastfeeding

Question 6

Are multiparous or nulliparous women more at risk of iron deficiency?

Answer 6

Multiparous

Question 7

Are young or old pregnant women more at risk of iron deficiency?

Answer 7

Young

Question 8

What vitamin is a teratogen at high doses?

Answer 8

Vit A

Question 9

What vitamin should be supplemented in CF?

Answer 9

Vit A

Question 10

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 1st trimester?

Answer 10

Normal

Question 11

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 2nd trimester?

Answer 11

Normal

Question 12

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 3rd trimester?

Answer 12

+ 200 / day

Question 13

What is the additional calorie requirement when breastfeeding for the 1st 6 months?

Answer 13

+ 640

Question 14

Caffeine should be avoided in pregnant. T or F

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Who is eligible for the healthy start scheme?

Answer 15

<18yr or on benefits - APAZ OTHERS???

Question 16

What vitamins are responsible for erythropoiesis?

Answer 16

B vits

Question 17

What is supplemented in the healthy start scheme?

Answer 17

Vit C, vit D, folic acid

Question 18

What is the risk in CVS chorionic villus sampling? And what is its percentage likeliness?

Answer 18

2% miscarry

Question 19

From what week gestation can CVS chorionic villus sampling be performed?

Answer 19

After 12wk

Question 20

What is the risk in amniocentesis? And what is its percentage likeliness?

Answer 20

1% miscarry

Question 21

From what week gestation can amniocentesis be performed?

Answer 21

After week 15

GENETICS LECTURE SAID AFTER 16 WEEKS

Question 22

How do you calculate a due date?

Answer 22

Last menstrual period + 9mth + 7day

Question 23

What % of births happen on the due date?

Answer 23

4%

Question 24

In antenatal screening, when does the booking visit occur?

Answer 24

Around 12 weeks gestation

Question 25

What is tested at the booking visit?

Answer 25

``` BMI BP Mental health screening Urinalysis US Blood tests Offer Down synd test BG ```

Question 26

What can be seen on ultrasound at the booking visit at 12 weeks?

Answer 26

Multiple pregnancy | Foetal heart beat confirms pregnancy

Question 27

What blood tests are done at the 12 week booking visit?

Answer 27

``` HIV HCV HBV Syphilis ABO Rhesus Blood group ```

Question 28

At the 12 week booking visit ultrasound, an empty sac is a _____ until proven otherwise

Answer 28

ectopic

Question 29

What blood tests screen for Down syndrome?

Answer 29

Blood tests AFP, hCG, UE3, inhibin A

Question 30

How is Down syndrome screened for on US?

Answer 30

Neck skin fold / thickness

Question 31

When investigation Down syndrome, if the blood tests are positive, what is the next step offered?

Answer 31

Amniocentesis (only after 15wk)

Question 32

How is gestational diabetes screened for in pregnancy?

Answer 32

OGGT

Question 33

Why is urinalysis performed at antenatal screening?

Answer 33

UTI Asymptomatic bacteruria DM proteinuria PET

Question 34

What tests are performed at every antenatal screening visit?

Answer 34

BP and urinalysis

Question 35

At what week gestation is a sex scan performed?

Answer 35

18-20wk

Question 36

At antenatal screening ultrasound, problems with the volume of amniotic fluid are indicative of problems of what organ?

Answer 36

Kidney

Question 37

What is FASP?

Answer 37

Fetal anomaly screening programme

Question 38

What congenital malformation is looked for on the face during FASP?

Answer 38

Cleft palate

Question 39

What abdominal congenital malformations are looked for during FASP?

Answer 39

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Gastroschisis Exomphalos

Question 40

What congenital malformations of the limbs are looked for during FASP?

Answer 40

Skeletal dysplasia | look at 1 femur length

Question 41

Mutliparous and nulliparous women receive the same number of antenatal screening appointments. T or F

Answer 41

True

Question 42

At what week do you perform nuchal thickness screening for Down syndrome?

Answer 42

11-13+6wk

Question 43

At what week does FASP occur?

Answer 43

18-20wk (second US)

Question 44

What is the management of rhesus negative mothers?

Answer 44

IJ anti-D

Question 45

At what week gestation can you give the anti-D IJ?

Answer 45

28wk | 2nd dose 6 weeks later

Question 46

In antenatal screening, at what week do you perform a random BG?

Answer 46

28wk

Question 47

In antenatal screening, at which weeks do you screen for maternal anaemia?

Answer 47

12 and 28wk

Question 48

At what week should you offer IOL?

Answer 48

41wk

Question 49

Should you screen for chlamydia in all pregnant women?

Answer 49

No (only if RF)

Question 50

Should you screen for thyroid problems in all pregnant women?

Answer 50

No (only if S+S or PMH)

Question 51

If an abnormality e.g. short femurs or choanal folds, are found on the 20 week scan, who should you refer the mother to?

Answer 51

Geneticist

Question 52

What test can a geneticist do to determine the gender of the fetus from 8 weeks gestation?

Answer 52

Free fetal DNA (In mum's circulation) (0% miscarriage risk) (Knowing gender useful for deciding where to do CVS / amniocentesis if FH of AD condition e.g. DMD)

Question 53

What type of genetic test is used for PGD pre-implantation genetic diagnosis?

Answer 53

FISH