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Y3 Reproductive > Antenatal Screening & Nutrition > Flashcards

Antenatal Screening & Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

When should folic acid be supplemented in relation to pregnancy?

A

3 months pre conception + 1st trimester

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2
Q

What is the risk in folate deficiency?

A

Neural tube defects

eg. spina bifida

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3
Q

Offspring of mothers with a BMI >30 are more likely to be obese and have DM later in life. T or F

A

True

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4
Q

Osteomalacia, PET, GDM, caesarean, SGA, neonatal hypocalcaemia, asthma, neonatal infections and neonatal rickets are all associated with deficiency of what?

A

Vit D

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5
Q

When should vit D be supplemented in relation to pregnancy?

A

Pregnant + breastfeeding

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6
Q

Are multiparous or nulliparous women more at risk of iron deficiency?

A

Multiparous

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7
Q

Are young or old pregnant women more at risk of iron deficiency?

A

Young

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8
Q

What vitamin is a teratogen at high doses?

A

Vit A

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9
Q

What vitamin should be supplemented in CF?

A

Vit A

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10
Q

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 1st trimester?

A

Normal

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11
Q

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 2nd trimester?

A

Normal

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12
Q

What is the additional calorie requirement in the 3rd trimester?

A

+ 200 / day

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13
Q

What is the additional calorie requirement when breastfeeding for the 1st 6 months?

A

+ 640

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14
Q

Caffeine should be avoided in pregnant. T or F

A

True

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15
Q

Who is eligible for the healthy start scheme?

A

<18yr or on benefits - APAZ OTHERS???

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16
Q

What vitamins are responsible for erythropoiesis?

A

B vits

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17
Q

What is supplemented in the healthy start scheme?

A

Vit C, vit D, folic acid

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18
Q

What is the risk in CVS chorionic villus sampling? And what is its percentage likeliness?

A

2% miscarry

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19
Q

From what week gestation can CVS chorionic villus sampling be performed?

A

After 12wk

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20
Q

What is the risk in amniocentesis? And what is its percentage likeliness?

A

1% miscarry

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21
Q

From what week gestation can amniocentesis be performed?

A

After week 15

GENETICS LECTURE SAID AFTER 16 WEEKS

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22
Q

How do you calculate a due date?

A

Last menstrual period + 9mth + 7day

23
Q

What % of births happen on the due date?

A

4%

24
Q

In antenatal screening, when does the booking visit occur?

A

Around 12 weeks gestation

25
Q

What is tested at the booking visit?

A 
BMI
BP
Mental health screening
Urinalysis
US
Blood tests
Offer Down synd test
BG
26
Q

What can be seen on ultrasound at the booking visit at 12 weeks?

A

Multiple pregnancy

Foetal heart beat confirms pregnancy

27
Q

What blood tests are done at the 12 week booking visit?

A 
HIV
HCV
HBV
Syphilis
ABO Rhesus
Blood group
28
Q

At the 12 week booking visit ultrasound, an empty sac is a _____ until proven otherwise

A

ectopic

29
Q

What blood tests screen for Down syndrome?

A

Blood tests AFP, hCG, UE3, inhibin A

30
Q

How is Down syndrome screened for on US?

A

Neck skin fold / thickness

31
Q

When investigation Down syndrome, if the blood tests are positive, what is the next step offered?

A

Amniocentesis (only after 15wk)

32
Q

How is gestational diabetes screened for in pregnancy?

A

OGGT

33
Q

Why is urinalysis performed at antenatal screening?

A

UTI
Asymptomatic bacteruria
DM
proteinuria PET

34
Q

What tests are performed at every antenatal screening visit?

A

BP and urinalysis

35
Q

At what week gestation is a sex scan performed?

A

18-20wk

36
Q

At antenatal screening ultrasound, problems with the volume of amniotic fluid are indicative of problems of what organ?

A

Kidney

37
Q

What is FASP?

A

Fetal anomaly screening programme

38
Q

What congenital malformation is looked for on the face during FASP?

A

Cleft palate

39
Q

What abdominal congenital malformations are looked for during FASP?

A

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Gastroschisis
Exomphalos

40
Q

What congenital malformations of the limbs are looked for during FASP?

A

Skeletal dysplasia

look at 1 femur length

41
Q

Mutliparous and nulliparous women receive the same number of antenatal screening appointments. T or F

A

True

42
Q

At what week do you perform nuchal thickness screening for Down syndrome?

A

11-13+6wk

43
Q

At what week does FASP occur?

A

18-20wk (second US)

44
Q

What is the management of rhesus negative mothers?

A

IJ anti-D

45
Q

At what week gestation can you give the anti-D IJ?

A

28wk

2nd dose 6 weeks later

46
Q

In antenatal screening, at what week do you perform a random BG?

A

28wk

47
Q

In antenatal screening, at which weeks do you screen for maternal anaemia?

A

12 and 28wk

48
Q

At what week should you offer IOL?

A

41wk

49
Q

Should you screen for chlamydia in all pregnant women?

A

No (only if RF)

50
Q

Should you screen for thyroid problems in all pregnant women?

A

No (only if S+S or PMH)

51
Q

If an abnormality e.g. short femurs or choanal folds, are found on the 20 week scan, who should you refer the mother to?

A

Geneticist

52
Q

What test can a geneticist do to determine the gender of the fetus from 8 weeks gestation?

A

Free fetal DNA

(In mum’s circulation)
(0% miscarriage risk)
(Knowing gender useful for deciding where to do CVS / amniocentesis if FH of AD condition e.g. DMD)

53
Q

What type of genetic test is used for PGD pre-implantation genetic diagnosis?

A

FISH

Y3 Reproductive (28 decks)

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