ANS Flashcards
Central Nervous System (CNS) vs. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
CNS=Brain and spinal cord; integrative and control centers
PNS=Cranial nerves and spinal nerves; communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body
What type of information leaves the PNS?
motor via efferent fibers
Afferent fibers carry?
Sensory; to PNS and then to CNS
What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Visceral motor (involuntary) and conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glands; NO cognitive thought
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Somatic motor (voluntary) and conducts impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles; cognitive thought
What is another name for parasympathetic?
“rest and digest” and “feed and breed” OR craniosacral
What is another name for sympathetic?
“fight or flight” OR thoracolumbar
Ventral/anterior horns= ______ neurons
Dorsal/posterior horns= ______ neurons
Ventral/anterior horns= MOTOR neurons
Dorsal/posterior horns= SENSORY neurons
The anatomical, physiologic and pharmacologic distinction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions is based primarily on?
1) The neurotransmitters by which each set of postsynaptic neuron elicits its effect
2) The location of the presynaptic cell bodies
3) The location of the ganglia in which the pre- and post- synaptic neurons synapse
4) The types and location of “end” organs affected by each division
5) The effects they produce on “end” organs
Somatic nervous system consists of how many multipolar neurons? ONLY innervates what muscle?
1; skeletal
Cell bodies in the SNS are located in the?
gray matter of ventral horns
SNS stimulates ________ and _________ movement?
voluntary and reflexive
Why do we have a multiple synapses in autonomic, opposed to only one in somatic?
Because different neurotransmitters can cause different responses. So with multiple nuero-pathways allows for multiple activities
The cell body in the ANS is found?
Within the ganglia, has one cell
ANS innervates? how many neurons does ANS have?
Smooth involuntary muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular/secretory cells; 2 neurons
In ANS, pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neuron means?
Pre-synaptic neuron means?
First neuron in chain where their cell body is within the CNS
Post-synaptic neuron means?
Neuron cell body resides within ganglion, then projects its axon out to its target organ
All pre-synaptic sympathetic neurons employ ________ as the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine (ACl)
MOST post-synaptic sympathetic nerons employ _____________ as the neurotransmitter?
Norepinephrine (NE)
What is the exception for post-synaptic sympathetic neurons neurotransmitters?
The ones acting on sweat glands use ACh again INSTEAD of norepinephrine
Where is the ganglia location for sympathetic pre-synaptic neuron?
MIDLINE; adjacent to, or immediately anterior to the vertebral column
All cell bodies of the sympathetic pre-synaptic neuron reside within _________ vertebra?
T1-L3
What is IML?
Intermediolateral cell column arranged somatotopically; From T1-L2/3, Bundle of cell bodies residing in gray matter in lateral horns (b/w dorsal and ventral horns on far side of vertebra)
Sympathetic innervates both ______ and _____ structures? Descirbe them
Visceral and parietal
P=skin, galnds, vessles
V= organs
Head/Upper limb thoracic viscera, Body wall and abdominal viscera, Lower Limb and pelvic viscera is found where in IML?
Head/Upper=T1-T6
Body wall= T7-T11
Lower limb/pelvic= T12-L2/3
What is foregut, midgut, and hindgut?
Foregut= thoracic viscera, midgut= abdominal viscera, hindgut= pelvic viscera
All presynaptic sympathetic neurons follow the same course, what is it?
Cell body resides in presynaptic neuron in lateral horn, anterior (motor) root of spinal nerve, mixed spinal nerve, autonomic (paravertebral) ganglion, white ramus communicans, anterior ramus of spinal nerve
How many ganglia are found in the neck? Names?
3; Superior, middle, and inferior cervical gangliaon
All _______ fibers heading to the head and neck synapse in one of 3 cervical ganglia?
symphathetic
What cervical ganglia is known as the stellate ganglion?
inferior
white ramus communicans is myelinated or not?
mylinated
