Abdominal Contents Flashcards
What is the deepest layer of anterior abdominal wall?
peritoneum
What is the peritoneum?
A continuous transparent serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and invests the viscera
What are the two continuous layers of peritoneum?
Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum
The parietal peritoneum lines?
The internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall
The visceral peritoneum lines?
It invests the viscera
What is the only opening in viscera peritoneum?
Where the uterine tubes come in close contact with ovaries; explains ectopic pregnancies
The parietal peritoneum can be thought of as ‘somatic’. Why?
Same blood supply, lymphatic drainage pattern, and innervation as the region of the body wall it lines
The viscera peritoneum has poorly localized what?
Innervation; “referred pain”, blood and innervation according to organ it is associated with
When the two sheets of peritoneum come into contact with each other we have a fold called?
Mesentary
What are the three classifications for an organs relationship with peritoneum?
Intraperitoneal viscera, retroperitoneal viscera, subperitoneal viscera
What is intraperitoneal viscera OF FOREGUT? Example?
The organ is completely incased in the peritoneum; SI, liver, gallbladder, stomach
What is retroperitoneal viscera of foregut? Example?
Behind the peritoneum; kidney and pancreas
What is subperitoneal viscera? Example?
Below the peritoneum; pelvic organs, anything reproductive
What is the peritoneal cavity?
The space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum
What is asides?
Accumulation of fluid specific to abdominal cavity; typically peritoneal fluid in peritoneal cavity; usually caused by liver failure (called edema in skin)
What are the three sections of the primordial gut?
Foregut, midgut, hindgut
-each has unique blood supply, innervation and lymph drainage
What is unique about the foregut? Name them?
It has to mesenteries;
1) Dorsal mesogastrium is posterior
2) ventral mesogastrium anterior abdominal wall
What side does the spleen and liver rotate to during fetal development? What develops in dorsal or ventral mesogastrium?
Liver= right= ventral spleen=left= dorsal
Foregut receives its blood supply from?
Celiac artery and its branches
What does the foregut become?
Stomach, esophagus, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, first part of duodenum
What does the midgut become?
Last part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and proximal colon
What does the hindgut become?
Distal colon, rectum, and upper anal canal
What is unique about the midgut development?
1) Protrudes through umbilical cord during fetal development due to lack of space
2) Gastroschisis can happen in babies if midgut doesn’t go back into baby
The midgut receives blood via?
Superior mesentary and branches
How does the midgut attach to abdominal wall? Is it still present?
Only posteriorly via dorsal mesentary proper, its persists in adults’ bodies
What is gastroschisis?
When a baby is born with midgut or small intestine outside of its body because it doesn’t retract back into the baby’s body
How is the hindgut attached to abdominal wall?
Posteriorly via dorsal mesocolon
How many attachments to abdominal wall does the foregut, midgut, and hindgut have?
Foregut= 2; midgut and hindgut= 1
How does the hindgut receive its blood?
Inferior mesenteric artery
What direction does the foregut initially rotate during development?
To the right (this is how the spleen in the dorsal mesentary gets moved to the left and the liver in the ventral mesentary goes right)
