Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANPH & PATH > ANPH - Cells, Chemical Basis Of Life, Tissue CH 3-9 > Flashcards

ANPH - Cells, Chemical Basis Of Life, Tissue CH 3-9 Flashcards

1
Q

What do you call a typical cell?

A

Composite cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of organelle is the nucleus?

A

Membranous organelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the word organelle mean?

A

Small organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the golgi apparatus geographically?

A

Beside the endoplasmic reticulum and cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does communication occur in the cell?

A

Through the cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes up a phospholipid?

A

Glycerol backbone with phosphate attachment and 2 fatty acid tails. Tails are hydrophobic, and phosphate is hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hydrophobic vs hydrophilic

A

Hydrophobic - hates water

Hydrophilic - loves water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cell membrane mainly made of?

A

Phospholipid bilayer - semi permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2 examples of non-membranous organelles?

A

Ribosomes and proteasome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cell pumps and channels are made of ..?

A

Protiens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What’s on outside of cell?

A

IMP - integral membrane protiens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What increases cell membrane’s ability to withstand heat and overall strength?

A

Cholestral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What increases membrane permeability to water?

A

Aquaporins - only water can use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which IMPs sense hormones?

A

Hormone receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the endoplasmic reticulum called in muscle cells?

What does is metabolize?

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of RNA brings info from nucleus to ribosomes?

A

Messenger RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When substances leave from the golgi apparatus what do they leave in?

A

Vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do vesicles move to cell membrane?

A

Nanobots move them across cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the smooth ER for?

A

Synthesizes special lipids or carbohydrates to attach to a protein coming g from Rough ER . Makes some non-active protiens into active ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe ribosomes?

A

Non-membranous structure made of large subunits.
MRNA enter though one side and exits the other.
Replicative RNA that is part of the structure of ribosomes, put together amino- acids to fabricate proteins.
E its hole at bottom of the large subunit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What Type of organelle is the golgi apparatus?

A

Membranous tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of organelle is the mitochondria?

Common name for it?

Name of twisting inner membrane?

A

Membranous organelle

Cell “power plant”

Cristae of mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of organelle is a lysosomal?

Another name?

Function?

A

Membranous organelle

Cell “digestive system”

Breaks down complex molecules into simple ones. Broken down material go to ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When a cell performs phagocytosis, what is the vesicle called?

A

Phagosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What happens to phagosomes?

A

Fuses with lysosomal to become Phagolysosome enzymes. Lysosomes break down contents of phagolysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What happens to damaged cell parts?

A

They get digested by lysosomes and the material is recycled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Name of residues that are eliminated by cell?

A

Residual body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is necessary for protien to be active?

A

Proper folding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

3 factors that co tribute to enzyme efficiency?

A

PH level

Temperature

Necessary Cofactors (vitamins, minerals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What happens to wrongly programmed proteasome?

Parts of the proteasome?

A

Cause disease
Misfolded proteins accumulate and impede function of other proteins

2 caps and a middle peice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Peroxisomes are found?

Why named?

A

Liver, gallbladder

Has peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Name of sugar combustion in mitochondria?

A

KREBS cycle, or citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

When sugar combustion happens without O2 in cytoplasm?
How many ATP?

Type of reaction with O2?
How many ATP?

A

Anaerobic Glycolysis
2 ATP

Aerobic Glycolysis through KREBS cycle
6ATP
(SLOWER)

34
Q

How does the nucleus communicate with the mitochondria?

A

It doesnt

35
Q

What triggers energy production in mitochondria?

A

Oxidation Reduction

36
Q

What is the role of the nucleosus?

A

Produces RNA

37
Q

Nucleus pores called?

A

NPCs - Nuclear Pore Complex

38
Q

What is chromatin?

A

Strands of complete DNA chains

39
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

Strands of complete DNA chains that are coiled up

40
Q

When does DNA coil into chromosomes?

A

Just prior to the beginning of mitosis

41
Q

What is the role of free ribosomes?

A

To make proteins for domestic use in the cell

42
Q

What are microvilae?

A

Smaller vilae on top of vilae

43
Q

What cells have flagella?

A

Sperm cells

44
Q

What is a Desmosome?

A

Type of cellular attachments

45
Q

What are gap junctions?

A

Type of desmosome that forms gaps or tunnels that join the cytoplasm of two cells. Typical organ that has them is the heart

46
Q

What are tight junctions?

A

Connects cells together tightly to not allow molecules to pass through. Typically found in intestines

47
Q

What are elements made of?

A

Atoms

48
Q

Define a compound?

A

Combination of more than one element

49
Q

Tyoe of charge for Neutrons?
Protons?
Electrons?

A

Neutral

Positive

Negative

50
Q

Atomic number is?

A

Number of protons

51
Q

Atomic weight is?

A

Protons + neutrons

52
Q

Selenium

A

Se

53
Q

Flourine

A

F

54
Q

Cobalt

A

Co

55
Q

Copper

A

Cu

56
Q

Silver

A

Ag

57
Q

Gold

A

Au

58
Q

Zinc

A

Zn

59
Q

Chromium

A

Cr

60
Q

Modern name for orbit?

A

Cloud

61
Q

Stable atoms are?

A

Ions with equal amount of electrons and protons

62
Q

Octet rule?

A

Fewer or more than 8 electrons in outer cloud, will attempt to lose or gain electrons

63
Q

Carbon has how many electrons?

A

2 In inner cloud

6 in outer cloud

64
Q

What type of gas is nitrogen?

A

Inert gas

65
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Different number of neutrons

66
Q

What will ionizing radiation do to molecules?

A

Knock off electrons from outermost shell

67
Q

Covalent bond?

A

Shares electrons between molecules

68
Q

Are hydrogen bonds easy to separate?

A

Yes

69
Q

Properties of H2O

A

Polar molecules because it is an excellent solvent

70
Q

Synthese reaction

A

2 or more elements create a compound

71
Q

Exchange reaction

A

2 separate compounds react and form 2 novel compounds. AB + CD = AC +BD

72
Q

When a polymer decomposes it becomes?

A

Multiple monomers

73
Q

Most frequent biological enzyme for decomposition?

A

Hydrolytic enzymes

74
Q

Most common human monosaccharides?

A

Glucose - C6H12O6

75
Q

Metabolism?

A

Sum total of all reaction s in the body

76
Q

End products of metabolisms?

A

Carbon dioxide, water, energy

77
Q

Organic compound?

A

Carbon attached to carbon or carbon attached to hydrogen

78
Q

Why is water organic?

A

No carbon

79
Q

When something dissolves into water is becomes?

A

Ions - electrolytes, they conduct electricity

80
Q

What is a buffer?

A

Attempts to drive pH level to 7. Neutralizer

81
Q

How do cells try to avoid harm?

A

Adaptation

ANPH & PATH (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions