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SBI3U > Animals (DOLT) > Flashcards

Animals (DOLT) Flashcards

1
Q

invertebrates

A

herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
reproduce sexually and asexually
characterized based on anatomical and physiological characteristics
no backbone or internal skeleton

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2
Q

chordata

A

phylum
vertebrates
have an internal skeleton and backbone
backbone encases spinal chord

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3
Q

exoskeleton

A

found in invertebrates
hard external covering
not all have them

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4
Q

common invertebrate orders

A
  1. echinoderms
  2. mollusks
  3. arthropods
  4. annelids
  5. porifera
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5
Q

echinoderms

A 
5 point radial symmetry
saltwater
separate sexes
filter feeders or predators
capable of regeneration
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6
Q

examples of echinoderms

A

starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins

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7
Q

mollusks

A 
aquatic or terrestrial
most are filter feeders
food source for humans
some contain pearls
some cultures use them as a form of money
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8
Q

examples of mollusks

A

clams, mussels, snails, squid, octopi

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9
Q

arthropods

A 
exoskeleton
jointed appendages
segmented body
aquatic or terrestrial
separate sexes
classified based on number of legs
some transmit diseases
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10
Q

classification of arthropods

A

6 legs: insects
8 legs: arachnids
10 legs: crustaceans

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11
Q

uses of arthropods

A

food source

pets

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12
Q

examples of arthropods

A

insects, arachnids, crustaceans

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13
Q

annelids

A 
segmented worms
have longitudinal or circular muscles
moist skin
hermaphrodites
aquatic or terrestrial
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14
Q

use for annelids

A

earthworms enrich and aerate soil

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15
Q

examples of annelids

A

earthworms. leeches

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16
Q

porifera

A

surface covered in pores
pores allow water to circulate through the body
aquatic

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17
Q

examples of porifera

A

sponges

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18
Q

vertebrate skeleton

A

starts as cartilage
turns to bone as calcium is added
some fish retain cartilage their whole lives
humans retain some cartilage

19
Q

cartilage

A

cover end of bones in a thing layer

flexible

20
Q

chordate orders

A
  1. fish
  2. amphibians
  3. reptiles
  4. birds
  5. mammals
21
Q

warm blooded

A

retain constant internal temperature
takes a lot of energy
must regularly consume food

22
Q

cold blooded

A

internal body temperature same as environmental temperature

23
Q

habitat (vertebrates)

A

fish: aquatic
amphibians: aquatic and terrestrial
reptiles: terrestrial
birds: terrestrial
mammals: terrestrial

24
Q

fertilization (vertebrates)

A

fish: external
amphibians: external
reptiles: internal
birds: internal
mammals: internal

25
Q

development (vertebrates)

A

fish: external
amphibians: external
reptiles: external (shelled egg)
birds: external (shelled egg)
mammals: internal

26
Q

heart (vertebrates)

A

fish: 2 chambers
amphibians: 3 chambers
reptiles: 4 chambers with a hole
birds: 4 chambers
mammals: 4 chambers

27
Q

breathing (vertebrates)

A

fish: gills
amphibians: gills, lungs, skin
reptiles: lungs
birds: lungs
mammals: lungs

28
Q

warm/cold blooded (vertebrates)

A

fish: cold
amphibians: cold
reptiles: cold
birds: warm
mammals: warm

29
Q

body covering (vertebrates)

A

fish: scales
amphibians: moist skin
reptiles: dry skin and scales
birds: feathers and scales
mammals: hair or fur

30
Q

mammary glands (vertebrates)

A

fish: no
amphibians: no
reptiles: no
birds: no
mammals: yes

31
Q

lungs

A

more efficient than gills and skin at adding oxygen to blood

oxygen is needed for cellular respiration to digest food on a molecular level

32
Q

heart

A

2,3, and 4 chambered hearts with a hole in them pump oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood
4 chambered heart most efficient at pumping oxygenated blood through body

33
Q

internal fertilization

A

terrestrial animals

34
Q

external fertilization

A

sperm and egg deposited within close proximity of each other

has to happen in water so sperm can swim to egg

35
Q

reptilian shelled eggs

A

bury eggs
hatch depending on external temperature (cold blooded)
time it takes to hatch is unpredictable

36
Q

bird shelled eggs

A

incubated by mother when she sits on them

if eggs aren’t constantly being incubated they won’t develop and hatch

37
Q

mammals

A

typically have a uterus which allows for internal development

38
Q

mammals without a uterus

A

marsupials (kangaroos, opossums, koalas)
offspring born as embryos and develop in mother’s pouch
pouch contains mammary glands
duck-billed platypus and echidna lay eggs

39
Q

diversity

A

measured by number of different species in a specific area

more species=healthier ecosystems

40
Q

food webs vs. single food chains

A

diverse ecosystems have food webs

41
Q

disturbed ecosystems

A

not very diverse

42
Q

undisturbed ecosystems

A

little to no human interference

very diverse

43
Q

monoculture

A

ecosystem containing only one species

rely on humans to survive

SBI3U (37 decks)

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