Anesthetic monitoring Flashcards
Why do we monitor?
to keep the patient safe and to regulate anesthetic depth
What is key in monitoring?
Prevention
When does monitoring end and begin?
When animal is dropped off and after recovery period
What are the stages of anesthesia
- Pre medication
2.Induction
3.Maintenance: 1-4 planes
4.Recovery
What to monitor during pre medication
HR, RR, perfusion, Pulses, Drooling/vomiting, level of sedation, reactions to medications
What to monitor during induction
HR/RR, perfusion, pulses, CNS reflexes-depth
What to monitor during maintenance
HR/RR, perfusion, pulses, CO2/O2 concentrations, bloop pressure, CNS reflex’s -depth, temperature
In the recovery stage, vitals should be monitored until awake/ambulatory every
5-10 minutes
_ is one of the most important stages of anesthesia morbidity is higher in this stage than any others
Recovery
What does the eye position do during anesthesia
pupils being in central position then move rostroventral in an adequate plane then move BACK central as the patient moves into a deeper plane
Eye position reflex check is ineffective is using which class of drugs
Dissociatives (ketamine- eyes are fixed centrally)
ACVA monitoring recommendation for class P1 and P2
Q5 monitoring
ACVA monitoring recommendation for class P3-P5 and horses on inhalant anesthesia and/or anesthetized over 45 min.
continuous monitoring
From stage I through stage IV of anesthesia there is a progressive decrease in
pain perception, motor coordination, consciousness, reflex responses, muscle tone and cardiopulmonary function
What stage of anesthesia is described?
-Period of voluntary movement
-P begins to lose consciousness
-Characterized by: fear, excitement, disorientation, struggling, urination, defecation, increased HR and RR
-Stage ends with loss of ability to stand and recumbency
Stage I
What stage of anesthesia is described?
-Period of involuntary movement; the “excitement stage”
-Characterized by: breathing irregular, vocalization, struggling, paddling, increased HR and RR, pupils dilated, muscle tone marked, reflexes present
-Actions are not under conscious control
-Stage ends with muscle relaxation, decreased respiratory rate, and decreased reflex activity
Stage II
What should be done during induction to prevent injury to animal, the restrainer, or the anesthetist
patient passed through excitement stage as quickly as possible
What stage of anesthesia is described
-Period of sx anesthesia
-Divided into 4 planes
Stage III
Stage III plane 1is not adequate for
surgery
Stage III plane 2 is a suitable depth for
most surgical procedures
In stage III plane 2, surgical stimulation may produce
-mild increase in HR, BP, or RR
-P remains unconscious and immobile
-PLR is sluggish; pupil size is moderate
Stage III plane 3 is
deep anesthesia- excessive for most procedures
Stage III plane 4 is _ _ _
early anesthesia overdose
What plane of stage III is described
-regular resp. pattern, no involuntary movements
-eyeballs start to rotate ventrally, pupils partially constricted, decreased PLR
-ET tube may be passed and connected
-Other reflexes are still present but decreased response
Plane 1
