What is your PSI at the O2 Flush Valve? What implications does this have?

50 PSI Do NOT use if hooked up to patient → barotrauma!!!

Anesthesia Equipment -Italian + Lab (LS) Flashcards by Linde Saunders

What is this?

Pressure regulator

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What is this?

flow meter

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What is this?

Vaporizer

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What is this for?

O₂ Flush valve

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What is this?

Hanger yoke

(where the tanks hook up)

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What is this?

Pressure regulator

(comes in from 0₂ tank & goes to flow meter)

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What happens at the Flow Meter?

Brings the pressure down to 14.7 PSI (from 50 PSI)

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What happens at the Pressure regulator?

Brings the pressure from 2000 PSI → 50 PSI

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What is your PSI at the O₂Flush Valve?

What implications does this have?

50 PSI
Do NOT use if hooked up to patient → barotrauma!!!

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Why do we need a vaporizer?

allows drug to go from liquid to gas form

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Where to you refill the vaporizer?

At the filler port

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What is the dial used for?

To control the plane of anesthesia

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Where can you check the agent level of the vaporizer?

the sight glass

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What is this?

Common gas outlet

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What happens at the Common Gas Outlet?

Pressure at this point?

exit point for mixture of carrier gas + inhalant anesthetic + flow
14 PSI

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What is the purpose of the Pin Index System?

To ensure the proper medical gas cyclinder is used

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Know Your TANK COLORS!!

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What is the color code for CO₂?

GREY

(both)

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What is the color code for He/O₂?

USA→ Brown/Green

ISO→ Brown/White

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What is the color code for Medical Air?

USA → Yellow

ISO→ Black & White

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What is the color code for Nitrogen (N₂)?

BLACK

(both)

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What is the color code for Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)?

BLUE

(both)

What is the color code for Oxygen (O₂)?

USA → Green

ISO → White

What is the color code for Suction (Vaccum)?

USA → White

ISO → Yellow

What is the color code for **Waste Gas/Evacuation**?

PURPLE | (both)

Filling pressure of **O**_2?

**PSI** → 2,000 **kPa** → 13,700

Filling Pressure of **N₂O**?

**PSI** → 745 **kPa** → 4,400

Filling Pressure of **CO₂**?

**PSI** → 800 **kPa** → 5,000

What is the standard temp @ which filling pressure is measured? (C/F)

20 **°C** 70 **°F**

3 Key Points about **O₂Concentrators**.

* All electrical * Can convert regular air → 95% pure O₂ * Does this by filtering out N₂ from "air"

What is the most accurate way to determine the amount of **N₂O/CO₂**in the tank?

**Weigh** the cyclinder | (before & after)

How can you accurately determine the amount of **O₂** left in the tank?

Look at the pressure gauge | (while the tank is open.. )

When does the **Ritchie's Whistle** go off? Why is this important?

* When **O₂tank pressure** drops **below**: * 29 PSI * 200 kPa * When **O₂pressure** drops at the **Flow Meter below**: * 14 PSI * 100 kPa Low pressure warning system→ You're about to run out of O₂

Breathing System main components? | (6)

1. Tubes → I/E 2. Reservoir Bag 3. Valves * Pop Off/ APL * Unidirectional 4. CO₂ absorber → rebreathing ONLY 5. Manometers → measure pressure 6. Connectors

What determines the **Flow Rate of a Tube**? What is most important for tube flow rate?

* Diameter & length * Radius of tube → r⁴

How do you choose the appropriate **Reservoir bag** for your patient?

Need at bag that is 4-6 x's the TV of your patient

How do you determine patient's **Tidal Volume** (TV)?

TV = 10-20 mL/Kg

Where does the gas exit to the Scavenger System at?

APL valve | (Adjustable Pressure Limiting)

What systems have **Unidirectional valves**?

Rebreathing systems ONLY!!

How is CO₂ removed from the breathing system before the next inspiration?

* **Rebreathing** → chemical absorbent (soda lime) * **Non-rebreathing** → flushed out by high FGF

How can you tell when your **Soda Lime** is exhausted & needs to be changed? (4)

* Dry, friable granules * Rapid color change * No heat production * Hypercapina

Correct way to use a Rebreathing System?

1. start w/ HIGH FGF (40-100 mL/kg/min) * gets rid of N₂ & reach appropriate depth quickly 2. Reduce FGF to 20 mL/kg/min → leave vaporizer alone 3. to change depth return to high FGF

What are the different FGF rates in a rebreathing system?

* **High** → \> 40-60 mL/Kg/min * **Medium** → 20-40 mL/Kg/min * **Low** → _\<_ 20 mL/Kg/min * Reservior bag should be full, APL valve opened

Correct way to use a Non-rebreathing system?

* High FGF for entire anesthesia period * Rate needs to be 2-4 x's patient (Minute Volume=200-400 mL/Kg/min)

What **Non-rebreathing systems** are used in VSL?

Mapleson D or Bain

What animals need to have **Non-Rebreathing Systems** for Anesthesia?

Any animal \< 5 Kg

5 Key Points about **Facial Masks**?

* Admin O₂ pre- & post-op * Stressful * Don't protect airways * IPPV is challenging * Larger mechanical dead space than ETT

What is "**dead space**"? Which type of "dead space" can we change?

* the volume of inspiratory gas that DOES NOT take part in alveolar gas exchange * Mechanical dead space only

Do laryngeal masks protect against aspiration?

NO!!

Which ETT protects against aspiration? Which ETT can be gas sterilzed?

* Cuffed ETT * Silicon ETT

Why would you use a **non-cuffed ETT**? | (2)

* Birds & Reptiles → complete endotracheal rings * Very small animals → protect trachea w/ smaller tube

KNOW that parts of a Murphy's ETT!

How do you select the appropriate ETT size?

* Length → point of shoulder to snout * Diameter → largest possible that will not damage the trachea

What is the most reliable way to ensure proper placement of the ETT?

Capnograph