Ancient Rome Flashcards
Name 3 sources on Ancient Rome
- Written sources {Cicero &and Pliny}
- Archaeological evidence
- Remains of Pompeii and Herculanium
What did Roman men wear?
- Knee length tunics
- Togas (special occasions)
- Leather sandles
What does ‘patrician’ mean?
If you were a Roman patrician it would mean that you are a wealthy Roman man
What does ‘plebian’ mean?
If you are a plebian Roman you would be a more middle class Roman. Not as rich as the patricians but still not poor
What did patrician men work as?
They did very little work though some served as army generals, senators or orators
What was the ‘dole’?
This was free grain you received from the government if you were unemployed
What did plebian men & women work as?
They worked as shopkeepers, jewellers, fishermen, potters, traders, carpenters, bakers and soldiers
What rights did Roman women have and not have?
Roman women couldn’t become citizens & couldn’t vote however they could run their own business and own their own property
What did patrician women do?
Nothing, slaves did everything for them
What did women wear and what did they look like?
They wore
- Stolas (long woolen tunics)
- Pallas (cloaks)
- Leather sandles
- Lot of jewellery
- Loved wearing makeup and having different hairstyles
What did Roman girls play with?
They played with dolls made of wood or wax
What did Roman boys play with?
They played with wooden swords and toy soldiers
Where and when did patrician children attend school?
They attended school at a ludus from 7-12
Who were the children taught by?
Greek slaves
What did Patrician boys do after the finished the ludus?
They attended a grammar school from 12-16 and here they studied Greek, History, Geography, Maths, Oratory and the great writers of Greece and Rome (e.g. Homer, Plato, Socrates and Aristotle)
When could Romans marry?
Girls -> 12
Boys -> 14
What ritual did girls do before their wedding?
The night before their wedding they would return their bulla to their father and give away all their toys
What did slaves do?
They cooked, cleaned, bathed farmed and did manual labor for their masters
What was a domus?
It was a one story detatched house that patricians lived in
What was an atrium?
A large open area in the centre of a domus with no roof or ceiling
What is an impluvium
A small pool that collected rainwater
What was the cubiculum?
The bedroom
What was the culina?
The kitchen
What was the triclinium?
Dining room
What was in the peristylum
Pillars and columns, herbs and flowers
Insulae
Block of flats that plebeians lived in
What were thermoplae
Roman takeaways
What did Romans have for lunch
Bread, salad, fruit and nuts
Cena
Dinner-> 3 courses
What would Romans eat for their main course of cena
Meat cooked in rich or spicy sauce. The meat would have been pork, bores head, ostrich, lobster or chicken
Why did the Romans go to the baths
To wash socialise and excersise
What would you do at the bath
1) slave massaged you with oil and scraped it off with a strigil
2) tepidarium (warm room)
3) caldrium (like a sauna)
4) frigidarium for a swim (cold room)
Where was chariot racing held
In an arena called a circus eg circus maximus in Rome
Where did gladiators fight
In ampitheatres eg coloseum in Rome
Father of the gods
Jupiter
Godess of women and the home
Juno
Godess of love
Venus
God of war
Mars
Goddess of household and hearth
Vesta
Who were the vestal virgins
6 patrician women who tended the sacred fire in vestas temple
When did Christianity become the official religion of Rome
306AD
Describe the funeral of an important Roman
- They were accompanied by musicians, dancers and professional mourners
- Before cremation, coins were placed on the eyes
- Romans believed the person would have to pay the ferryman to be brought across the River Sticks into the afterlife
What was the role of the Roman Army?
- Gained new territory
* Protected the empire
The Roman army was divided into…
Legions
How many men were in a legion?
4000
Legions were split into…
Centuries
How many men were there in a century?
100
What were the Roman soldiers’ armor made from?
Small metal plates sewn onto a leather tunic
What weapons did the Roman soldiers carry?
Sword, dagger, spear and shield
What are the achievements of Ancient Rome?
i) Still use Roman alphabet and numerals
ii) Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian are Romance languages because they are modern versions of Latin
iii) Use the Roman Calendar
iv) Inspired our architecture
