Ancient Greece Flashcards
What is the function of the kouros and koure statues? How do they relate to Ancient Egypt?
The function of the kouros and koure statues was to depict youth. There are similarities in the stances of both the Egyptian and kouros statues.
What are the qualities of Ancient Greek temples and how would you recognize one?
Long and narrow, proportion of ends and sides 1:3; altar stood outside the temple at the east end; order, compactness, and symmetry
Doric Order
- Wider at the base, narrows at the top
- situated on stylobate
- fluting
- metope
- triglyph
Ionic Order
- base on stylobate
- moldings
- scrolls and volute
- flute
- frieze
- no metope or triglyphs
Corinthian Order
- most ornate out of doric and ionic orders
- slender, fluted columns
- elaborate capitals
- acanthus leaves and scrolls
Archaic sculpture
- Archaic smile!!!!!
- Egyptian pose
Classical sculpture
- Abandonment of stiff and rigid Egyptian pose
- shift in weight (contrapposto)
- representing figures engaged in vigorous action
Hellenistic sculpture
- exaggerated movement
- draw, dynamism, diagonal, and drapery
In what period is psychological complexity introduced to sculpture? What period does it show full force?
Introduced in classical, full force in hellenistic
The New York Kouros
- Archaic Greek
- stance is not naturalistic, resembles Egyptian stance
- Archaic smile to represent naturalism and humanness
Exekias, Dice Game of Achilles and Ajax
- Archaic Greek
- black figure painting
- narration on roundest part of the vase
- first time figures are actively engaged
- example of line to add to the story
Kritios Boy
- classical greek
- carryover from Archaic period; rigid, legs staggered, smile
- contrapposto
- eyes smaller
- appears in motion
Polykleitos, Doryphoros (spear bearer)
- classical greek
- inspired by pythagorus (harmony of proportions found in nature)
- Polykleitos wrote threats of ideal sculpture, and then created Doryphoros
- opposites in harmony (gaze and feet, opposite arms and legs bent and straight)
- using precise measurements to elevate humans to be like gods
- ideal figure is 7 heads tall
Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon, Athens
- classical greek
- doric order
- golden ratio y=2x+1
- columns have entasis (swell in center)
- post and lintel structure
- pantellic marble
- most perfect piece of architecture
Praxiteles, Hermes and the Infant Dionysus
- classical greek
- tender, human moment between the two of them
- deities enter experience
Epigones, The Dying Gaul
- hellenistic greek
- warrior being speared
- wild hair, necklace around neck
- elevated status of unseen foe
Nike of Samothrace
- hellenistic greek
- victory granted to people of Samothrace
- sculpture interacted w fountain
- texture in features and drapery
The Seated Boxer
- hellenistic greek
- not perfect, more human and natural, worn out
- male athlete is older, he’s scarred, very emotional
- created for a private setting
Magna Graecia
the name given by the Romans to the coastal areas of Southern Italy
Humanism
A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized human potential to attain excellence and promoted direct study of the literature, art, and civilization of classical Greece and Rome
Plato
philosopher in Classical Greece
Aristotle
Greek philosopher and scientist
The Ideal
A concept of something it its perfection
Kore
refers to statues depicting female figures, always of a young age, which were created during the Archaic period either as votive or commemorative statues
Kouros
free-standing ancient Greek sculptures which first appear in the Archaic period in Greece and represent nude male youths
Contrapposto
Shift in weight in the sculpture to make it more realistic
Cella/naos
the inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture
Pronaos
an open vestibule before the cella
Pediment
placed above the horizontal structure of the entablature, typically supported by columns
Frieze
long narrow band of sculpture that runs along the architrave of a Greek temple or another building
Triglyph
vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze
Metope
rectangular architectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze
Stylobate
the top step of the stepped platform upon which colonnades of temple columns are placed
Peripteral columns
surrounded with pillars on all the sides
golden ratio
y=2x+1, used for The Parthenon
Athens
city of which Athena was the patron saint for; central place for art and architecture in greece
Black and red figure ware
style of Greek vase painting; characterized by drawn red figures and a painted black background
Wet drapery
A technique developed that allowed the clothing (drapes) to look fluid and flowing
Realism
the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, implausible, exotic and supernatural elements
Psychological complexity
Emotions are emphasized and represented
