Anatomy: Vasculature Of The Head And Neck Flashcards
What are the three main vessels associated with the heart?
Arch of the aorta
Vena cava
Pulmonary trunk
What are the three branches of the arch of the aorta called?
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
What does the brachiocephalic trunk supply?
Supplies right side of head and neck, and the right upper arm
What does the left common carotid artery supply?
Left side of the head and neck
What does the left subclavian artery supply?
Left upper arm
How many branches are there off the brachiocephalic trunk?
Two
Name the two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk
Right Subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery
What muscle crosses superior to the subclavian artery?
Scalenus anterior
What bony structure is the brachiocephalic trunk deep to before it branches off?
Sternum
How many parts make up the subclavian artery?
Three
What are the three divisions of the subclavian artery based upon?
Their location to scalenus anterior muscle
Where is scalenus anterior muscle in relation to SCM?
Deep to SCM
Where is part 1 of the subclavian artery situated in relation to scalenus anterior?
Medial
Where is part 2 of the subclavian artery situated in relation scalenus anterior?
Behind
Where is part 3 of the subclavian artery situated in relation to scalenus anterior?
Lateral ( on top of rib 1)
What division of the subclavian artery is of most interest to the head and neck?
1st part
What are the three branches of the 1st part of the subclavian artery called?
- Vertebral artery
- Thryocervical trunk
- Internal thoracic artery
How does the vertebral artery reach the cranial cavity?
Travels via transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae
Through what foramen does the vertebral artery enter the cranial cavity?
Foramen magnum
What important structure branches off the thyrocervical trunk to directly supply the inferior part of the thyroid gland?
Inferior thyroid artery
Which branch of the 1st part of the subclavian artery descends downwards on either side of the sternum?
Internal thoracic artery
What does the internal thoracic artery supply?
Intercostal spaces
What artery supplies the superior part if the thyroid gland?
Superior thyroid artery
What artery does the superior thyroid artery branch off of?
External carotid artery
What are the two branches of the common carotid artery?
External and internal carotid arteries
Which carotid artery leaves the carotid sheath?
External carotid artery
What are the two main arteries supplying the brain?
Right vertebral artery
Right internal carotid artery
Where do the internal carotid arteries enter the cranial cavity?
Carotid canals
Where do the vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity?
Via foramen magnum
What part/s of the brain does the internal carotid arteries supply?
Anterior and middle brain
What part/s of the brain does the vertebral arteries supply?
Posterior brain
What level is the bifurcation of the common carotid artery at?
The level of superior border of thyroid cartilage/hyoid bone
What structures are contained within deep fascia known as the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery and internal carotid artery
How does the carotid sinus appear and where?
It appears as a slight enlargement at bifurcation of common carotid artery, at the start of internal carotid artery.
What structure contains baroreceptors that monitor blood pressure?
Carotid sinus
What structure is located within the bifurcation of the common carotid artery?
Carotid body
What might the carotid body be described as?
A chemoreceptor
What does the carotid body do?
Monitors chemical composition within arterial blood
What are the 8 branches of the external carotid artery?
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
superficial temporal
What is the pneumonic used to remember the branches of the external carotid artery?
Some
Anatomists
Like
Fries
Others
Prefer
Mashed
Spuds
Where does the inferior alveolar artery branch off of?
The 1st part of the maxillary artery
What artery supplies the mandible?
Inferior alveolar artery
How might infection spread from a lower molar to the heart?
Bacteria from a lower molar abscess could potentially enter the inferior alveolar vein. This could result in spread of infection to the bloodstream and back to the heart.
