Anatomy: The Neck Flashcards
Name all skin layers in order from most superficial to deep
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Superficial fascia
- Deep fascia
What fascia is made up of adipose connective tissue?
Superficial fascia
What fascia is made up of fibrous connective tissue?
Deep fascia
What four structures does superficial fascia contain?
- Sensory nerves
- Platysma muscle
- Superficial veins
- Lymphatics
Where do deep fascial tubes run between and connect?
The superior mediastinum to the base of the skull
Which fascia helps to prevent spread of infection from one compartment to another?
Deep fascia
What nerve modality does the cervical plexus have?
Sensory nerves
Where do sensory nerves of the cervical plexus innervate?
Skin, shoulders and corner of the face
The anterior rami of which cervical spinal nerves is associated with the cervical plexus?
C2, C3 & C4
What sensory nerve/s is associated with the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve C2?
- great auricular nerve
-transverse cervical nerve
-lesser occipital nerve
What sensory nerve/s is associated with anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve C3?
- Great auricular nerve
- transverse cervical nerve
- supraclavicular nerve
What sensory nerve is associated with anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve C4?
Supraclavicular nerve
Where the cervical plexus goes deep, posterior to the middle of strenocleidomastoid muscle’s posterior border. This is known as…
The nerve point of the neck
What nerve innervates the platysma?
CN VII (facial nerve)
Innervates all muscles of facial expression
What specific branch of the facial nerve innervates the platysma?
Cervical branch
What are the superficial jugular veins of the neck?
- external jugular veins
- anterior jugular veins
- Superficial jugular communicating veins
What does the pneumonic stand for:
Running
Fast
Can
Alleviate
Stress
In
Some
Exhausted
People
Important superficial and deep veins of neck:
Retro mandibular
Facial
Common facial
Anterior jugular
Superficial jugular communicating
Internal jugular
Subclavian
External jugular
Posterior auricular
What are the two important deep veins of the neck?
- internal jugular
- subclavian
What are the three layers of deep fascia called?
- Investing
- Prevertebral
- Pretracheal
What structures are contained within the investing layer of deep fascia?
-trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
What layer of deep fascia forms a protective capsule for the submandibular and parotid glands?
Investing layer
What is the outer layer of deep fascia called?
Investing layer
What is the middle layer of deep fascia called?
Prevertebral layer
What is the innermost layer of deep fascia called?
Pretracheal fascia
What layer of deep fascia includes the carotid sheaths?
Prevertebral layer
What structures does the prevertebral layer of deep fascia enclose?
- postural muscles
- cervical vertebrae
What deep fascia layer has a visceral and muscular part?
Pretracheal layer
What is contained with the visceral part of the pretracheal layer?
- thyroid gland
-trachea
-oesophagus
What is contained within the muscular part of the pretracheal layer of deep fascia?
‘Strap’ muscles
What structure runs the full length of the neck?
Carotid sheaths
What structure connects the superior mediastinum to the jugular foraminae and carotid canals in the base of the skull?
Carotid sheaths
What major vessels and nerves do the carotid sheaths contain?
- internal jugular veins
- carotid arteries
- vagus nerve (CN X)
- deep cervical chain of lymphatics
Where is the retropharyngeal space found?
Between pretracheal and prevertebral layers of deep fascia
Where is the buccal pharyngeal fascia found?
Continuation of inferior petracheal fascia