Anatomy - Pituitary Flashcards
what is the diencephalon made of?
thalamus
hypothalamus
what attaches the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
the infundibulum
what is another name for the infundibulum?
pituitary stalk
what are the two parts of the pituitary gland?
anterior lobe
posterior lobe
what is another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary?
adenohypophysis
what are the three parts of the anterior lobe of the pituitary?
pars distalis
pars tuberalis
pars intermedia
what is another name for the posterior lobe of the pituitary?
neurohypophysis
what hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary?
ADH
oxytocin
where are ADH and oxytocin synthesised?
the hypothalamus
where is the pituitary gland found?
the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone
where does the pituitary fossa lie?
the sella turcica
what does the pituitary gland lie immediately inferior to?
the optic chiasma
what artery runs either side of the pituitary gland?
internal carotid
what is CN II?
the optic nerve
what are the four fields of vision?
L+R temporal
L+R nasal
what forms the optic chiasma?
optic nerves
what passes posteriorly from the optic chiasma?
the optic tracts
what do the optic tracts become?
the optic radiations
what visual defect can a pituitary adenoma cause?
bitemporal hemianopia
what are the two possible surgical approaches to the pituitary gland?
transcranial
transphenoidal
what are the paranasal sinuses?
air filled spaces within the bones surrounding the nasal cavities
what are the four paranasal sinuses?
frontal
maxillary
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal
what is an ostium?
a bony drainage
how are facial fractures classified?
Le Fort fractures
what are dural venous sinuses?
venous channels within dura mater that drain blood from the cranial cavity unto the internal jugular veins
what surrounds the pituitary gland?
the cavernous and intercavernous sinuses
what artery passes through the cavernous sinuses?
internal carotid
