Anatomy of the pharynx , Larynx and air sinuses Flashcards
outline the anatomy of the vocal cords …
- vocal ligament
- vocalis muscle
controls the production of sound And closes of the larynx –> prevents choking
=> Rima glottidis = aperture in between vocal folds ( changes she according to the sound we are making)
List the laryngeal Muscles
CT VPL TO posterior region
1) Cricothyroid muscle (stretches and tenses the vocal ligaments)
2) Thyro-arytenoid muscles (relaxes the vocal ligaments)
3) Vocalis muscles ( relaxes the posterior region of vocal ligament, but maintain tension in anterior region)
4) Posterior crico-arytenoid muscles (abducts)
5) Lateral circo-arytenoid muscles ( adducts )
6) Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid muscle = close of the posterior region
what is the pharynx
musculofascial tube that extends from cranial base to oesophagus ( base of skull to C6)
- entrance to both respiratory and alimentary tracts
what is the nasopharynx
where is it ?
what is found in the roof
special tube ?
behind the nasal cavity
- pharyngeal tonsil –> roof of the nasopharynx
- pharyngotympanic tube connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear !
Where is the oropharynx
- boundaries ,what is it between ?
- tonsils ?
- located posterior to the oral cavity
- between the soft palate and the upper margin of the epiglottis
- PALATINE tonsils are within the oropharynx
What is the laryngopharynx
behind the larynx goes to C6
The larynx bulges into the laryngopharynx leaving deep recesses–>Piriform fossa ( fish bones can be lodged here)
what muscles constrict the pharynx
Superior , middle , inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles
where is the location of the larynx ?
- function
- unpaired cartilages TCE
- paired cartilages ACC
- Anterior neck , connects the oropharynx with the trachea
- Number of cartilages –> Voice production
- protects the air passages
3 cartilages unpaired
1) thyroid cartilage
2) cricoid cartilage
3) epiglottis
3 Paired cartilage
1) Arytenoid
2) Corniculate
3) Cuneiform
what does the thyroid cartilage form ?
The Adam’s apple
what is the anterior part of the Cricoid cartilage known as?
what is the posterior part of the cricoid cartilage known as ?
- anterior => the ARCH
- posterior=>Lamina
what is the purpose of the epiglottis
- seal off the trachea during swallowing in order to precent aspiration of food and drink
what is the innervation of the crico-thyroid muscle ?
external laryngeal Nerve
what does the inferior laryngeal nerve innervate ?
all the Laryngeal muscles except from the crico-thyroid muscle
order of the regions of the pharynx ?
NOL
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
