Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RB Y2 ENT > Anatomy: Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Anatomy: Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

crista galli

A

median ridge of the bone that projects from the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what forms the roof of the nasal cavities

A

cribiform plate and crista galli (and anterior cranial fossa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavities

A

superior and middle conchae, ethmoidal air cells, orbital plate of ethmoid (+inferior conchae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what forms the septum of the nasal cavity

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid and vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A

depression in the floor of the cranial base which houses the projecting frontal lobes of the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Le Fort I, II and III

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which Le Fort fractures risk spread of infection from nasal cavity and paransal sinuses into the anterior cranial fossa

A

II and III - can disrupt the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which Le FOrt fractures can result in fluid in the antra (maxillary sinuses)

A

I and II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
A

vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A

palatine bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

medial wall of RIGHT nasal cavity (right side of the nasal septum)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
A

pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

LATERAL WALL OF RIGHT NASAL CAVITY

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

regions of nasal cavity

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

mucosa of nasal cavities

A
  1. keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Schneiderian epithelium (respiratory)
  3. olfactory mucosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

describe the course of CNI

A

originates in the nasal cavity at the olfactory mucosa - fila olfactoria (bundles of olfactory axons)

then enters the cranial cavity through the cribriform plate (ethmoid bone - roof of nasal cavity)

then enters olfactory bulb (in olfactory groove on anterior cranial fossa)

2nd order nerves now pass posteriorly in the olfactory tract, which ends in the temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

olfactory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A

notice V1 and V2 innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

describe the innervation

A

V1 - anterosuperiorly via nasociliary nerve

V2 - posteroinferiorly via nasopalatine nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where does the ophthalmic artery branch from

A

internal carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where do the facial and maxillary arteries branch from

A

external carotid artery

26
Q
A
27
Q
A
28
Q

which arteries branch from the internal carotid artery to supply the nose

A

ophthalmic artery - anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery

descend into nasal cavity through cribriform plate

29
Q

which arteries branch from maxillary artery to supply the nasal cavity

A

(external carotid artery)

sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries

30
Q

which arteries branch from the facial artery to supply the nasal cavity

A

lateral nasal branch of facial or septal branch of superior labial artery

31
Q

superior labial artery

A
32
Q

which area in the nose is a common site for epistaxis

A

there is a greater concentration of anastomosing arteries in the anterior third of the nose, in particular, on the nasal septum - Kiesselbach’s (Little’s) area

cause can be local or systemic

33
Q

describe the nasal conchae

A

conchae are curved shelves of bone, they project into the nasal cavity creating 4 pathways for air to flow - meatuses

34
Q

what is the function of nasal conchae

A

increase the surface area of the nasal cavity - increase the amount of inspired air

make flow of air slow and turbulent so that it can be humidified

35
Q
A
36
Q

where does the spheno-ethmoidal recess lie

A

superiorly and posteriorly to the superior concha

37
Q

what is the inferior nasal concha supplied by

A

CNV2

38
Q

inserting a nasogastric tube

A
39
Q

where does the eustachian (auditory/pharyngotympanic) tube open into

A

lateral wall of nasopharynx

40
Q

how can correct placement of a nasogastic tube be confirmed

A

X ray

  • NG tube must remain in midline
  • tip must be visible below diaphragm - 10cm beyond GOJ (to ensure that it is in the stomach)
41
Q

what is the function of the nasal cavities

A

patent conduit for air to be transported to the nasopharynx

filters air of particulate material - vibrissae

humidifies air - via glands

warms inspired air in the nasal passage - via blood

sense of smell as air passes over the olfactory epithelium

42
Q

vibrissae

A

hairs inside nostrils to stop large particles from entering the nasal passages

43
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

maxillary sinuses = antra

44
Q

what is the inner surface of the paranasal sinuses lined by

A

respiratory mucous secreting mucosa

45
Q

where do the paranasal sinuses drain to

A

Sinuses are formed by the nasal cavity eroding into surrounding bone – as sinuses are all outgrowths of nasal cavity they all drain back into it

Ostia found on roof and lateral walls of nasal cavity

46
Q

describe the drainage of the paranasal sinuses

A

frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal open out onto middle meatus

the sphenoid sinus opens into the posterior roof (sphenoethmoidal recess)

ethmoidal cells drain into superior and middle meatuses

47
Q

drainage of nasolacrimal gland

A

lacrimal gland produces tears which empty into the nasolacrimal duct, drains into the inferior meatus of nasal cavity

48
Q

sinusitis

A

As paranasal sinuses are continuous with the nasal cavity, URT can spread to sinuses

Results in pain and swelling of the mucosa

Sinuses can become filled with infected mucous

49
Q

pansinusitis

A

>1 sinus inflamed

50
Q

where can pain from sinusitis be referred to

A

the maxillary nerve supplies the nasal cavity (maxillary sinus) and maxillary teeth - therefore, inflammation can present with toothache

51
Q

why is the maxillary sinus predisposed to inflammation

A

because the maxillary sinus ostia is located superiorly in the medial wall of the sinus rather than the floor, so the maxillary sinus mucous has to drain against gravity

52
Q

oroantral fistula

A

Oro-antral fistula is an abnormal communication between the maxillary sinus and oral cavity

53
Q

how is a persistent oro-antral fistula managed

A

surgically closed

54
Q

what is the clinical significance of an oroantral fistula

A

a dental abscess can spread via the roots of the upper teeth into the antrum and cause a sinus infection

55
Q

what duct may be injured in a Le Fort I fracture

A

nasolacrimal duct

56
Q

which structures pass through the jugular foramen

A

IJV, IX, X, XI

57
Q

what is this bone

  • describe its defining features
A

atlas (C1)

  • no vertebral body or spinous process
58
Q

what is this bone

A

axis (C2)

  • odontoid process (dens)
59
Q
A

inferior concha

60
Q
A

sphenoethmoidal recess

61
Q

what drains here

A

inferior meatus - nasolacrimal duct drains here

62
Q
A

RB Y2 ENT (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions