Anatomy Lecture 8_Embryology week 3-5 Flashcards
What is Caudal Dysgenesis and what causes it?
It is caused by Insufficient caudal mesoderm formation. It is charicterized by:
- Fused lower limbs
- Malformed lumbosacral vertebrae
- Malformed or absent kidneys
- Complications in the hind gut
What is Situs solitus
Situs solitus is the normal position of thoracic and abdominal organs.
What is Situs inversus
It is the inversion of organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. (ie the heart is on the left side and the liver is on the right.
What is Situs ambiguous
It is when some of the organs are in their correct location and some of them are not.
What are two Neural Tube Defects and what causes them
Spina bifida — incomplete formation of the neural tube and/or surrounding axial structures within the trunk region.
Anencephaly - results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close
What is a Congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs when the diaphragm muscle — the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen — fails to close during prenatal development, and the contents from the abdomen (stomach, intestines and/or liver) migrate into the chest through this hole.
