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Block 1_Anatomy > Anatomy Lecture 4_back Musculature > Flashcards

Anatomy Lecture 4_back Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

Define Extrinsic muscles

A

Muscles with attachment to the spine that move the upper extremities

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2
Q

Where does the trapezius attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment is to medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, EOP nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7 to T12.

Distal attachment is to the lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

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3
Q

What nerves provide inervation to the trapezius

A
  • Spinal accessory nerve CN XI provides motor control

- C3 and C4 provide pain and proprioception

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4
Q

What is the trapz blood supply

A

the transverse cervical artery

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5
Q

Where does the Latissimus dorsi attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment at spinous process of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, inferior angle of the scapila, and ribs 9-12

Distal attachment at floor of intertubercular groves (humerus)

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6
Q

What nerve provides inervation to the lat?

A

The thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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7
Q

What is the lat’s blood supply

A

the thoracodorsal artery

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8
Q

Where does the levator scapulae attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment at the transverse process of C1-C4

Distal attachment at superior angle of scapula

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9
Q

What is the levator scapulae’s blood supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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10
Q

What nerves innervate the levator scapulae

A

the dorsal scapular nerver and the C3 C4 cervical spinal nerves

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11
Q

Where does the rhomboid major attach (proximal and distal)

A

proximal attachment at the spinous process of T2-T5.

Distal attachment at the medial border of the scapula below the scapular spine

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid major

A

The dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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13
Q

What is the rhomboid major’s blood supply

A

the dorsal scapular artery

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14
Q

Where does the rhombiod minor attach (proximal and distal)

A

proximal attachment at the spinous process of C7 and T1

Distal attachment at the medial border of the scapula at the level of the scapular spine.

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15
Q

What nerve inntervates the rhomboid minor?

A

The dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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16
Q

What is the rhomboid minor’s blood supply?

A

the dorsal scapular artery

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17
Q

Where does the Serratus posterior superior attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment at nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T3.

Distal attachment at ribs 2-5

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18
Q

What nerves innervate the Serratus posterior superior?

A

Innervated by anterior rami of T2-T5 spinal nerves

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19
Q

What is the serratus posterior superior’s blood supply

A

Intercostal aa

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20
Q

Where does the serratus posterior inferior attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment at spinous process of T11-L2.

Distal attachment at ribs 9-12

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21
Q

What nerves innervate the serratus posterior inferior?

A

Innervated by anterior rami of T9-T12 thoracic spinal nerves

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22
Q

What is the serratus posterior inferior’s blood supply?

A

intercostal aa

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23
Q

Where does the splenius cervicis attach (proximal and distal)

A

Proximal attachment at spinous process of T3-T6

Distal transverse process of C1-C3

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24
Q

Where does the Splenius capitis attach

A

Proximal attachment at C7-T3 and lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae.

Distal attachment at mastoid process and lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line.

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25
Q

What nerves innervate the splenius cervicis and capitis

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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26
Q

What is the splenius’s blood supply

A

occipital atrery

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27
Q

What is the general attachment pattern of the splenius muscles?

A

Spinous process to transverse process

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28
Q

How many splenius muscles are you learning right now

A

Two. The splenius cervicus and the splenius capitis

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29
Q

How many Iliocostalis muscles are you learning right now?

A

Three. The iliocostalis lumborum, the iliocostalis thoracis, and the iliocostalis cervicis

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30
Q

What is the general attachment pattern of the erector spine muscles?

A

Spinous process to ribs

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31
Q

What nerves innervate the iliocostalis muscles?

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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32
Q

What supplies blood to the iliocostalis muscles?

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

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33
Q

what is the attachment pattern of the iliocostalis muscles

A

Proximal attachment to iliac crest, lumbar spinous process.

Distal attachment at angle of lower ribs and transverse processes of the cervical spine.

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34
Q

How many longissimus muscles am I learning right now

A

Three, the longissimus thoracis, cervicis, and capitis

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35
Q

What is the general attachment of the longissimus muscles

A

proximal attachment to iliac crest, sacrum. associated ligaments, and the spinous processes of the lumbar spine.

Distal attachments to the thoracic and cervical transverse processes or mastoid process

36
Q

What nerves innervate the longissimus muscles?

A

innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves

37
Q

What supplies blood to the longissimus muscles?

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

38
Q

How many sub muscle types compse the erector spine

A

Three, the iliocostalis, the longissimus, and the spinalis

39
Q

How many spinalis muscles are you learning right now?

A

Two, the spinalis thoracis and cervicis

40
Q

What is the attachment of the spinalis muscless

A

proximal attachment to iliac crest, sacrum. associated ligaments, and the spinous processes.

Distal attachments to the spinous processes in the upper thoracic and cervical regions

41
Q

What nerves innervate the spinalis muscles?

A

innervated by posterior rami of the spinal nerves

42
Q

What supplies blood to the spinalis muscles?

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

43
Q

How many deep intrinsic muscle (Transversospinales) types am I studying?

A

Three, the semispinalis, Multifidus, and rotatores

44
Q

What is the general attachment type of the transversospinales (deep intrinsic muscle)

A

Transprocess to spinous process

45
Q

How many sub types of semispinalis muscle are there?

A

Three, semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis

46
Q

What is the attachment of the semispinalis muscles

A

Proximal attachment to the transverse processes of C4-T12.

Distal attachment at occipital bone and spinous processes. Typicall spans 4-6 segments

47
Q

What nerves innervate the semispinalis muscles

A

innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves

48
Q

Where do the semispinalis muscles receive blood?

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

49
Q

Describe the attachment of the Multifidus

A

Proximal attachment at sacrum, ilium, mammillary processes, and transverse processes of T1-T3

Distal attachment to spinous processes of superior vertebrae

50
Q

What nerves innervate the multifius

A

innervated by posterior rami of the spinal nerves

51
Q

where does the multifidus receive blood

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

52
Q

How many rotatores sub muscles are there

A

Two, longus and brevis

53
Q

Describe the attachment of the rotatores muscles

A

Proximal attachment to the transverse processes in the thorasic spine.

Distal attachment at junction of lamina and spinous process of superior vertebrae. Rotatores longus and brevis span 2 and 1 vertebrae respectivly

54
Q

What nerve innervates the rotatores muscles

A

innervated by posterior rami of the spinal nerves

55
Q

where do the rotatores receive blood from?

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

56
Q

How many catigories of segmental muscle are there

A

Three, interspinales, intertransversarii, and levatores costarum

57
Q

How many sub intersinales muscles are there?

A

Three, cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum

58
Q

Describe the attachment of the interspinales

A

attachment between adjacent spinous processes of C1 to L5

59
Q

What nerve innervates the interspinales?

A

innervated by posterior rami

60
Q

where do the interspinales receive blood

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

61
Q

How many sub intertransversarii are there?

A

Three, cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum

62
Q

Describ the attachment of the intertransversarii

A

attachment to transverse processess of adjacent vertebrae from C2 to L5

63
Q

What nerves innervate the intertransversarii

A

Innervated by anterior rami in the cervical spine and posterior rami in the thoracic and lumbar spine

64
Q

In what region are the intertransversarii and interspineales negligable

A

in the thoracic region

65
Q

How many levatores costarum sub types are there

A

Two, brevis and longus

66
Q

Describe the attachment of levatores costarum

A

Proximal attachment at the transverse processess of C7 to T11.

Distal attachment at costal angles of sub adjacent ribs (breves) or two ribs below (longi).

Note the longi do not begin until the inferior portion of the thoracic region.

67
Q

What nerves innervate the levatores costarum

A

Innervated by posterior rami of C8 thru T11

68
Q

Where do the levatores costarum receive blood

A

cervical a, intercostal aa, subcostal a, lumbar a

69
Q

How many suboccipital muscles are there

A

Four, rectus capitus posterior major, rectus capitus posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus captitis inferior

70
Q

describe the attachment of rectus capitis posterior major

A

poximal attachment to the spinous process of C2

Distal attachement at inferior nuchal line

71
Q

what nerve innervates the rectus capitis posterior major

A

innervated by the posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

72
Q

what supplies blood to the rectus capitis posterior major

A

blood is supplied by the vertebrael a. and occipital a.

73
Q

describe the attachment of rectus capitis posterior minor

A

proximal attachment to posterior tubercle of C1

Distal attachment to inferior nuchal line (medial portio)

74
Q

what nerves innervate rectus capitis posterior minor

A

innervated by the posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

75
Q

what supplies blood to the rectus capitis posterior major

A

blood is supplied by the vertebrael a. and occipital a.

76
Q

describe the attachement of obliquus capitis superior

A

Proximal attachment at transverse process of C1.

Distal attachement between superior and inferior nuchal lines

77
Q

what nerve innervates obliquus capitis superior

A

innervated by the posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

78
Q

what supplies blood to obliquus capitis superior

A

blood is supplied by the vertebrael a. and occipital a.

79
Q

describe the attachement of obliquus capitis inferior

A

proximal attachment at spinous process of C2

Distal attachment at transverse process of C1

80
Q

what nerve innervates obliquus capitis inferior

A

innervated by the posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

81
Q

what supplies blood to obliquus capitis inferior

A

blood is supplied by the vertebrael a. and occipital a.

82
Q

Describe the following:

  • Anterior longitudinal ligament
  • Posterior longitudinal ligament
  • Ligamentum flavum
  • interspinous ligament
  • supraspinous ligament
  • intertransverse ligament
A
  • Anterior longitudinal ligament: runs from C1 to sacrum on the anterior surface of vertebrae. is well developed in the lordotic region.
  • Posterior longitudinal ligament: runs through the vertebrael foramen from C2 to the sacrum
  • Ligamentum flavum: joins the lamina of adjacent vertebrae. weak in cervical region, strong on thorolumbar
  • interspinous ligament: joins the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae
  • supraspinous ligament: joins the tips of spinous processes from C7 to sacrum
  • intertransverse ligament: connects transverse process of adjacent ligaments
83
Q

What are the five cervical ligaments

A

1) Transverse ligament
2) Anterior and posterior atlanto-occipital membranes
3) Cruciate ligament of the atlas
4) Alar ligament
5) Tectoral membrane

84
Q

Describe Transverse ligament

A

like a sling the wraps around the dens

85
Q

Describe Anterior and posterior atlanto-occipital membranes

A

Anterior and poserior membrane between vertebrae surrounding the foramen magnum.

86
Q

describe the Alar ligament

A

From sides of dens to lateral margin of foramen magnum. Prevents excessive rotation

Block 1_Anatomy (16 decks)

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