Anatomy Dissection 7/8 - Foot Workshop Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are in the foot?

A

26 (27 in the hands)

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2
Q

Name the bones of the foot?

A
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Medial, intermediate, lateral cunnieforms
Metatarsals
Proximal phalanges
Middle phalanges
Distal phalanges
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3
Q

Name of the joint between the talus and calcaneus?

A

Subtalar joint

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4
Q

What 2 joints make up the midtarsal joint?

A

Calcaneocuboid and talocalcaneonavicular joints

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5
Q

What type of joints are the mid tarsal joints?

A

Synovial joints

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6
Q

What is the main movement that occurs at the mid tarsal joints? - what muscles perform these?

A

Inversion (by tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior)

Eversion (fibularis muscles)

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7
Q

Name of the joint between the cuneiforms/ cuboid proximally and the metatarsals?

A

Tarsometatarsal joints

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8
Q

Name of the synovial joints between the metatarsal and phalangeal joints?

A

Metatarsophalangeal joints

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9
Q

Name of the synovial hinge joints that allow flexion extension of the toes?

A

Interphalangeal joints

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10
Q

What 2 structures supports the arches of the foot?

A

Plantar aponeurosis

Plantar ligaments

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11
Q

What is the plantar aponeurosis?

A

Thickened central area of the plantar fascia (deep fascia of the sole of the foot)

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12
Q

Name of the 3 plantar arches?

A

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch
Transverse arch

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13
Q

What is the name of the arch of the foot that can be seen by viewing the foot from the inside?

A

Medial longitudinal arch

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14
Q

What supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

Flexor hallucis longus and the attachments of tibias anterior and fibularis longus

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15
Q

What is the name of the arch of the foot that can be seen by viewing the foot from the outside?

A

Lateral longitudinal arch

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16
Q

Which metatarsals are involved int eh medial longitudinal arch of the foot?

A

1-3 (4-5 are involved in the lateral longitudinal arch)

17
Q

Which arch of the foot extends across the way?

A

Transverse arch

18
Q

Which 2 structures support the transverse arch of the foot?

A

Fibularis longus

Tibialis posterior

19
Q

How are the intrinsic muscles of the foot arranged?

A

Locate din compartments within the sole, where they are arranged in 3 layers or between the metatarsals (7 interossei -> “4th layer of sole”) -> also 2 dorsal muscles

20
Q

What is the main action of the sole muscles of the foot?

A

Flexion

21
Q

What is the main action of the interossei of the feet?

A

Abduction/ adduction of the toes

22
Q

What is the action of the 2 dorsal intrinsic muscles of the foot?

A

Short extensors of the toes

23
Q

What does the dorsalis pedis artery branch from?

A

Anterior tibial artery

24
Q

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse taken?

A

Lateral to extensor hallucis longus tendon

25
Q

What are the medial and lateral plantar arteries branches of?

A

Posterior tibial artery

26
Q

What arises from both the deep plantar arch and the arcuate artery?
what do these branch to give?

A

Metatarsal arteries

Branch to give digital arteries

27
Q

What does the dorsal venous arch give rise to?

A

Great and small saphenous veins

28
Q

What does the anterior and posterior tibial and fibular veins drain into?

A

Popliteal vein

29
Q

Motor nerve supply to the intrinsic nerves of the foot?

A

Tibial nerve to muscles of sole and deep fibular nerve to muscles of the dorsum

30
Q

Sensory nerve supply the sole of the foot?

A

Mainly tibial nerve to the heel and majority of the sole (via medial and lateral plantar nerves)
Sural nerve to proximal lateral border
Saphenous nerve to proximal medial border

31
Q

Sensory nerve supply to dorsum of foot?

A

Mainly superficial fibular nerve
Deep fibular nerve supplies the first interdigital cleft
Sural nerve = proximal lateral border
Saphenous nerve = proximal medial border

32
Q

What do the lymphatic vessels of the foot accompany?

A

Great and small saphenous veins

33
Q

How many intrinsic muscles are there in the foot?

A

20