Anatomy - CNS - Brain Flashcards
Through what foramen does the dural venous sinuses drain and into what vein?
Jugular foramen
Internal jugular vein
What 3 parts make up the brain stem?
in order from closest to brain to closest to spinal cord
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
Most neurons contain many dendrites and one axon. What is the direction of information flow?
Dendrite -> cell body (soma) -> axon
Name the 4 glial cells.
Match each of the following functions to the appropriate cell
- Maintain BBB
- Produce myelin in the CNS
- Take on role of macrophage in the CNS (immune monitoring and antigen presenting)
- Ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
Astrocytes - maintain BBB
Oligodendrocytes - produce myelin in the CNS
Microglia - take on the role of macrophage
Ependymal cells - ciliated cuboidal/columnar epi that line the ventricles
What is the name for the small area of the neuron that is not myelinated?
Node of Ranvier
information jumps from node to node as it speeds through myelinated sections of the neuron
Why are the ventricles sometimes used as the site of therapeutic agents to reach the bloodstream?
Ependymal cells aren’t completely tight and as a result transfer is quite easy
What is the name for the bumps and dips in the brain?
Bumps = gyri Dips = sulci
Gyri = grow = hill Sulci = sulk = low
What is the difference between a fissures and sulci?
Fissures are just deep sulci
What is the difference between what is found in white matter vs. grey matter?
Where are they typically located in the brain compared to the spinal cord?
White matter - axons
Grey matter - neurone, cell processes, synapses and support cells
Brain - typically grey on outside and white on inside (note there is deep grey matter present)
Spinal cord - white on outside and grey on inside
What is the name for the band of white matter that is the main communication between the two hemispheres?
Where is it found?
What is the name of the gyrus found directly above this?
Corpus callosum
Above the lateral ventricles
Cingulate gyrus
What is the name of the touching point between the two thalami?
In what ventricle is this found?
Interthalamic adhesion
3rd ventricle
What sulcus separates the frontal from the parietal lobe?
Central sulcus
What sulcus separates the parietal from the occipital lobe?
Parieto-occipitial sulcus
What arteries make up the circle of Willis?
Anterior communicating arteries (anastomosis of anterior cerebral artery)
Posterior communicating arteries (anastomsis of posterior cerebral artery)
Middle cerebral arteries
What defines the occipital lobe anteriorly?
Line from the parerito-occipital sulcus to the preoccipital notch
