Anatomy Ch 13 test review Flashcards
the serous membrane covering the lungs and lining the thoracic cavity
pleura
organ system that carries out gas exchange; includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lung
respiratory System
only externally visible part of the respiratory system
nostrils/ nares
interior of the nose, connects nostrils to the nasopharynx
nasal cavity
the muscular tube extending from the posterior of the nasal cavities to the esophagus
pharynx
upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate
nasopharynx
middle part of the throat, behind the mouth
oropharynx
inferior region attached to larynx
laryngopharynx
the cartilaginous organ located between trachea and pharynx, voice box
larynx
elastic cartilage at the back of the throat; covers the glottis during swallowing
epiglottis
true vocal cords, vibrate with expelled air, allows us to speak
vocal folds
transparent cartilage present in joints, respiratory tract, and immature skeleton
hyaline cartilage
formed by division of the trachea, each bronchus enters lung at hilum
main (primary) bronchi
potential space between two layers of pleura, thin membrane that surrounds each lung
pleural space
any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides
bronchioles
any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange
alveoli
portion of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs between lungs and bloodstream
respiratory zone
airways that transport air into and out of the lungs, without directly participating in gas exchange
conducting zone/ conducting zone structures
thin barrier in the lungs where gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries takes place
respiratory membrane
the drawing of air into the lungs; inhalation
inspiration
the act of expelling air from the lungs; exhalation
expiration
(1) any partition or wall separating one are from another (2) a muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
diaphragm
outermost muscles located between the ribs, playing a key role in respiration by assisting in inhalation
external intercostals
metabolic processes in which ATP is produced
cellular respiration
volume of air within the lungs at a given point in time
intrapulmonary volume
pressure within the pleural cavity, space between the visceral and parietal pleura surrounding the lungs
intrapleural pressure
maximum amount of air a person can inhale forcefully after a normal, quiet inspiration, or tidal volume
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs after a normal exhalation, beyond the normal tidal volume
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum forced exhalation
residual volume
maximum amount of air a person can exhale from their lungs after a full, maximum inhalation
vital capacity (VC)
easy, normal breathing
eupnea
