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12 grade > Anatomy Ch 4 test review > Flashcards

Anatomy Ch 4 test review Flashcards

1
Q

the skin; composed of epidermis and dermal layers

A

cutaneous membrane

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2
Q

(mucous membrane) membrane that forms the lining of body cavities open to the exterior (digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tract)

A

mucosa

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3
Q

(serous membrane) membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body (except for joint cavities)

A

serosa

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4
Q

the serous membrane covering the lungs and lining the thoracic cavity

A

pleura

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5
Q

a clear watery fluid secreted by the cells of a serous membrane

A

serous fluid

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6
Q

the membranous sac enveloping the heart

A

pericardia

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7
Q

membrane that lines the capsule of the synovial joint

A

synovial membrane

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8
Q

a tough, insoluble protein found in tissues such as hair, nails, and epidermis of the skin

A

keratin

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9
Q

the outer layer of the skin; epithelium

A

epidermis

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10
Q

the deep layer of the skin; composed of dense, irregular connective tissue

A

dermis

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11
Q

(subcutaneous tissue) deep to the dermis, essentially adipose tissue

A

hypodermis

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12
Q

dark pigment synthesized by melanocytes; responsible for skin color

A

melanin

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13
Q

glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface (skin or mucosa)

A

exocrine glands

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14
Q

glands that empty their sebum secretion into hair follicles

A

sebaceous glands

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15
Q

(sweat glands) that glands that produce a saline solution called sweat

A

sudoriferous glands

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16
Q

the less numerous type of sweat glands. produces a secretion containing water, salt, and proteins

A

apocrine glands

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17
Q

more numerous, found all over the body, produces sweat

A

eccrine glands

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18
Q

only epidermis is damaged, area red and swollen, temporary discomfort, not usually serious and generally heals in two to three days without special attention, sunburn, partial thickness burn

A

first-degree burn

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19
Q

injury to the epidermis and the upper region of dermis, skin red and painful, blisters appear, regrowth of the epidermis can occur, usually no permanent scars result if treated, partial thickness burns

A

second-degree burns

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20
Q

destroy the entire thickness of the skin, burned area appears blanched (gray-white) or blackened, nerve endings destroyed= no pain, regeneration is not possible= need skin grafts, full-thickness burns

A

third-degree burns

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21
Q

extends into deeper tissue (bone,muscle, tendon) appears dry and leathery, requires surgery and grafting, may require amputation, full-thickness bruns

A

fourth-degree burns

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22
Q

body divided into 11 areas, plus 1% of genitals

A

rule of nines

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23
Q

rule of nines- front of head

A

front of head 4.5%

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24
Q

rule of nines= front upper body

A

front upper body 18%

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25
Q

rule of nines= front left arm

A

front left arm 4.5%

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26
Q

rule of nines= back left arm

A

back left arm 4.5%

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27
Q

rule of nines= front right arm

A

front right arm 4.5%

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28
Q

rule of nines= back right arm

A

back right arm 4.5%

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29
Q

rule of nines= back of head

A

back of head 4.5%

30
Q

rule of nines= back of upper body

A

back of upper body 18%

31
Q

rule of nines= front left leg

A

front left leg 9%

32
Q

rule of nines= back left leg

A

back left leg 9%

33
Q

rule of nines= front right leg

A

front right leg 9%

34
Q

rule of nines= back right leg

A

back right leg 9%

35
Q

rule of nines= genitals

A

genitals 1%

36
Q

A

A

Asymmetry

37
Q

asymmetry

A

two sides of pigmented mole do not match

38
Q

B

A

Border irregularity

39
Q

Border irregularity

A

borders of mole are not smooth

40
Q

C

A

Color

41
Q

Color

A

different colors in pigmented area

42
Q

D

A

Diameter

43
Q

Diameter

A

spot is larger than 6 mm in diameter

44
Q

E

A

Evolutions

45
Q

Evolutions

A

one or more of the ABCD characteristics is evolving

46
Q

epidermis 5 layers, inside to out

A

stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum

47
Q

where is keratin located?

A

found in tissues such as hair, nails and epidermis of the skin

48
Q

where are myelocytes?

A

mostly in the stratum basale of the skin

49
Q

covers organs in the abdominal cavity

A

peritoneum

50
Q

surround the lungs

A

pleurae

51
Q

surround the heart

A

pericardia

52
Q

what pigments contribute to skin color?

A

melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

53
Q

yellow, reddish brown, or black pigments

A

melanin

54
Q

orange-yellow pigment (also found in some vegetables)

A

carotene

55
Q

red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries, oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

A

hemoglobin

56
Q

due to embarrassment, inflammation, hypertension, fever, or allergy

A

redness (erythema)

57
Q

due to emotional stress (such as fear) anemia, low blood pressure, impaired blood flow to an area

A

pallor

58
Q

indicated a liver disorder

A

jaundice (yellow cast)

59
Q

bruises (black and blue marks)

A

hematomas

60
Q

what tissues make up the skin( cutaneous) ?

A

epidermis and dermis

61
Q

what is subcutaneous tissue?

A

hypodermis

62
Q

anchors skin to underlying organs, not technically part of the integumentary system, composed mostly of adipose tissue, serves as a shock absorber and insulated deeper tissue

A

hypodermis

63
Q

composed of stratified squamous epithelium, most cells are keratinized ( makes the layer tough), desmosomes connects keratinocytes together

A

epidermis- outer layer

64
Q

has no blood supply of its own, explains why man can shave daily and not bleed even though eh cuts off many cell layers each time he shaves

A

avascular

65
Q

deepest layer of epidermis, lays next to dermis, wavy borderline with the dermis anchors the two together, cells undergoing mitosis, daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layer

A

stratum basale

66
Q

cells become increasingly flatter and more keratinized

A

stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum

67
Q

formed from dead cells for the deeper strata, occurs ONLY in thick/hairless skin of the palms of hands and soles of feet

A

stratum lucidum

68
Q

outermost layer of epidermis, shingle-like dead cells are filled with keratin (protective protein prevents water loss from skin)

A

stratum corneum

69
Q

are formed by the cells of the stratum basale, they push into the deeper skin regions and ultimately reside almost entirely in the dermis

A

cutaneous glands

70
Q

fond all over the skin, except palms of hands and soles of feet

A

sebaceous (oil) glands

71
Q

apocrine glands (located)

A

largely contained to the axillary and genital areas of the body

12 grade (20 decks)

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