Anatomy and Physiology of digestive system Flashcards
Anatomy
Refers to the parts of an organism
Physiology
Refers to the function of the parts
Gastrointestinal tract is made up of what organs?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
Mechanical digestion
The break down of food from large pieces into smaller pieces.
Ex: chewing
Chemical digestion
When enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.
What is the purpose of saliva?
To lubricate food, and to carry enzymes to start chemical digestion.
What is the pharynx?
An area in the back of the throat that contains the epiglottis and the uvula.
What is the esophagus?
Long collapsible tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach. Uses peristalsis to push food down.
What are sphincters?
Muscular gates that connect organs together.
Example: pyloric sphincter connects the stomach to the small intestine.
What is mastication?
Chewing
What is chyme?
Creamy mixture of food and enzymes in the stomach. (Party digested food)
What are Rugae?
Folds in the stomach
What is the stomach?
Pouch like organ that is folded and able to stretch. It stores food and begins digesting of proteins and fats.
-protects body from ingesting harmful substances
What is the function of the digestive system?
To break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.
What are the three salivary glands and what where are they located?
Parotid- from of ears
Sublingual- under tongue
Submaxillary- rear of jawbone
