Anatomy abdomen 3

Question 1

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 1

Peritoneal cavity is a potential space

Question 2

In what sex the peritoneal cavity closed?

Answer 2

Males

Question 3

Why is the peritoneal cavity open in females?

Answer 3

Communication with the exterior via the vagina, uterus and uterine tubes in females

Question 4

What does the parietal peritoneum line?

Answer 4

Lines the walls of the
abdominal and pelvic
cavities

Question 5

What does the visceral peritoneum line?

Answer 5

Lines the abdominal and
pelvic organs/viscera

Question 6

What is the parietal peritoneum sensitive to?

Answer 6

Sensitive to:
* Pain
* Temperature
* Touch
* Pressure

Question 7

What is the parietal peritoneum innervated by?

Answer 7

Innervated by T7 – L1

Question 8

What is the visceral peritoneum sensitive to?

Answer 8

Sensitive only to:
* Stretch
* Tearing

Question 9

What does over distension of the visceral peritoneum lead to?

Answer 9

Over distension of the viscera
leads to sensation of pain

Question 10

What is the visceral peritoneum innervated by?

Answer 10

Innervated by afferent nerves
that travel with autonomic
supply to viscera it covers

Question 11

What are intraperitoneal organs?

Answer 11

Organs are completely covered with
visceral peritoneum

Question 12

How are intraperitoneal organs attached?

Answer 12

Organs are attached to each other or
to the abdominal wall by a double
fold of peritoneum

Question 13

What can this double fold of peritoneum that attaches organ to abdominal wall be?

Answer 13

-Mesentery
-Ligaments
-Omentum

Question 14

What are extraperitoneal organs?

Answer 14

Organs are partially or entirely
devoid of peritoneum

Question 15

Where do extraperitoneal organs lie?

Answer 15

They lie outside peritoneal cavity.

Question 16

What is the function of the peritoneal folds?

Answer 16

-Routes of blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves
-Immunity
-Prevents effects of gravity

Question 17

What omentum contains a higher volume of fat?

Answer 17

-Greater omentum(high volume)
-Lesser omentum(Devoid of fat)

Question 18

What is the policeman of the abdomen?

Answer 18

Greater omentum is the policeman of abdomen

Question 19

What does the peritoneal recess allow organs to do?

Answer 19

allows organs
to expand and glide over one
another

Question 20

Why are peritoneal recess clinically relevant?

Answer 20

They are
potential sites for:
* Accumulation of fluid (pus, fibrin,
blood)
* Internal herniation of
abdominopelvic viscera
* Constriction of intestines

Question 21

What is the developing foregut suspended from in the anterior body wall?

Answer 21

Anterior body wall by ventral mesentery/mesogastrium

Question 22

What is the developing foregut suspended from in the posterior body wall?

Answer 22

Posterior body wall by dorsal mesentery/mesogastrium

Question 23

What is mesentery?

Answer 23

Double fold of peritoneum

Question 24

What is the lesser omentum?

Answer 24

Double fold of peritoneum that connects the
Liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach
and first part of duodenum

Question 25

What are the 2 ligaments involved in the attachment of the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 25

1) Hepatogastric ligament 2) Hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 26

Where does the portal triad run and what are its content?

Answer 26

1. Common bile duct 2. Proper hepatic artery 3. Hepatic portal vein

Question 27

What is the epiploic foramen?

Answer 27

Opening into lesser sac (omental bursal)

Question 28

What are the superior, inferior, posterior and anterior boundaries of the epipoloic foramen?

Answer 28

* Superior: Caudate process of liver * Inferior: 1st part of duodenum * Posterior: Inferior vena cava and right crus of diaphragm * Anterior: Portal triad (in free edge of lesser omentum)

Question 29

What is the greater omentum?

Answer 29

Double fold of peritoneum folded back on its self (four layers), forming an apron like structure that hangs from the greater curvature of stomach

Question 30

What is the transverse mesocolon?

Answer 30

The transverse mesocolon is a double fold of peritoneum that connects transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall

Question 31

What is the anterior layer of the transverse mesocolon attached to?

Answer 31

Anterior layer of transverse mesocolon is attached to the posterior layer of greater omentum

Question 32

What is the mesentery?

Answer 32

Fan-shaped double fold of peritoneum that suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall

Question 33

What are the contents of the mesentery?

Answer 33

Superior mesenteric artery (1) + vein (2)

Question 34

Approximately how long are the roots of the mesentery?

Answer 34

Approx. 15cm long

Question 35

How does the root of the mesentery course?

Answer 35

Oblique course