Abdomen 5 Flashcards by syed kamran

What is the liver protected by?

-Protected by right ribs 7-11

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Where is the liver located?

Intraperitoneal

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What are the 4 lobes of the liver

Right
Left
Caudate
Quadrant

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Where do the caudate and quadrate lobe arise from?

Caudate and quadrate are described as arising from
right lobe

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What is the quadrate lobe considered part of?

Quadrate lobe to be considered part of left lobe

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What are the functional segments of the of the liver?

8 functional segments

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What is the functional segments of the liver based on?

Based on distribution of portal venous branches

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What is the falciform ligament and what does it divide?

-Double fold of peritoneum
connecting liver to anterior
abdominal wall
-Divides left lobe into right lobe

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What is the porta hepatis?

Entrance / exit point of portal
triad in transverse fissure.
* Common bile duct
* Left and right hepatic duct
* Cystic duct
* Hepatic portal vein (75%)
* Hepatic artery (25%)

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What is the fissure for ligamentum venosum a remnant of?

Remnant of ductus venosus

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What does the fissure for ligamentum venosum shuts?

Shuts umbilical blood directly into IVC

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What is the round ligament/ligamentum teres a remnant of?

Remnant of umbilical vein

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What does the round ligament/ligamentum teres carry?

Carries oxygenated blood from
placenta

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What is prenatal circulation of the liver?

Inferior vena cava
Ductus venosus
Umbilical vein

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What is the bare area in the liver?

-No peritoneum on top surface of liver

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What is the bare area in the liver fenced by?

-Fenced by ant. and post. coronary which meet
as the left and right triangular ligament

What does the bare area of the liver result from?

Results from massive embryonic growth of
liver within ventral mesogastrium

Where does the portal triad run?

Portal triad runs in free
edge of lesser omentum

What does the epiploic foramen open into?

Opening into lesser sac(omental bursa)

What is the superior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

Caudate process of liver

What is the inferior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

1st part of duodenum

What is the posterior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

Inferior vena cava and right crus
of diaphragm

What is the anterior boundary of the epiploic foramen?

Portal triad (in free edge of lesser
omentum)

What is pringles manoeuvre?

Haemostat used to clamp
hepatoduodenal ligament

What does pringles manoeuvre stop?

Stops blood flow through hepatic duodenal artery and portal vein

What are the sites where peritoneal fluid or metastases can localise in the liver?

Liver recesses

Where is the subphrenic space?

Between liver and diaphragm

Where is the right subhepatic space?

Between inferior surface of liver and kidney

Where is the hepatorenal pouch/ pouch of morrison?

Between liver and kidney

In what position can fluid accumulate in the hepatorenal pouch/pouch of morrison?

Fluid often accumulates here when patient is supine

What is the dual blood supply of liver?

1. Hepatic artery proper(25%) 2. Hepatic portal vein(75%) 3. Processed in sinusoids 4. Hepatic veins(x3) 5. Inferior vena cava 6. Right atrium of heart

What is the hepatic portal system?

Inferior mesenteric vein --> Splenic vein--Hepatic portal vein <-- Superior mesenteric vein

What organs does the liver process the blood of?

1. Alimentary canal 2. Spleen 3. Pancreas 4. Gallbladder