Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Anatomy abdomen 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy abdomen 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are located in transpyloric plane at vertebrae level L1?

A
  • Origin of superior mesenteric a.
  • Origin of portal vein
  • Hilum of left kidney
  • Origin of renal arteries
  • Duodenojejunal flexure
  • Termination of spinal cord
  • Pylorus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structures are located in transtubercular plane at vertebrae level L4/L5?

A
  • Tubercles of iliac crest
  • L4 / L5
  • Origin of IVC
  • Confluence of common iliac veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the layers of the abdominal wall, anterior to posterior?

A
  1. Superficial fascia
  2. Anterolateral muscles
  3. Rectus sheath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 layers of the superficial fascia?

A
  1. Campers(fatty)
  2. Scarpas(membranous)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the anterolateral muscles?

A

-External oblique muscle
-Internal oblique muscle
-Transverse abdominis muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the rectus sheath an aponeuroses of?

A

Aponeuroses of anterolateral muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the rectus sheath envelope?

A

Envelopes rectus abdominis and pyramidalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the fibre direction of the external oblique muscle?

A

Inferomedial fibre direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the fibre direction of the internal oblique muscle?

A

Superomedial fibre direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the fibre direction of the transcersus abdominis muscle?

A

Transverse fibre direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the actions of the anterolateral muscles?

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera,
flexes and rotates trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are examples of vertical muscles?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. Pyramidalis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the lateral border of the rectus abdominis form?

A

Lateral border forms linea semilunaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the action of the rectus abdominis?

A

Flexion of trunk, compresses
abdominal viscera and controls tilt of pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the action of the pyramidalis?

A

Tense linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is included in the deep layers of the abdominal wall?

A
  1. Posterior layer of rectus sheath
  2. Transversalis fascia: Thick investing fascia
  3. Parietal peritoneum: Lines abdominal cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What nerves and lymphatics does the rectus sheath envelope?

A
  • Distal portions of thoracoabdominal nerves
  • Superior and inferior epigastric vessels
  • Corresponding lymphatics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the linea alba?

A

Interlacing fibres of anterolateral muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the linea alba stretch between?

A

Xiphoid process to pubic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the umbilicus lie?

A

Lies in midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the internal oblique aponeurosis split into and what are they?

A

Internal oblique aponeurosis splits into
two layers:
1. Anterior laminae
2. Posterior laminae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the anterior laminae pass anterior to?

A

Anterior laminae
passes anterior to
rectus abdominis.

23
Q

What does the posterior laminae pass posterior to?

A

Posterior laminae passes posterior to
rectus abdominis.

24
Q

What do all aponeurosis pass anterior to?

A

All aponeuroses pass anterior to rectus
abdominis.

25
Q

Why is the posterior layer of the rectus sheath weaker?

A

Posterior layer of rectus sheath is weaker as it is
only formed by transversalis fascia.

26
Q

What is the superior anterolateral wall supplied by?

A
  • Musculophrenic artery
  • Superior epigastric
27
Q

What is the inferior anterolateral wall supplied by?

A
  • Superficial circumflex iliac
  • superficial epigastric
  • Inferior epigastric
  • Deep circumflex iliac
28
Q

What is a rectus sheath haematoma?

A

Rupture in inferior epigastric
artery which ascends between
rectus abdominis and posterior
laminae of rectus sheath.

29
Q

Who is a rectus sheath haematoma more common in?

A

More common in patients on anticoagulants

30
Q

What are the skin, muscles and parietal peritoneum of the abdominal wall supplied by?

A

Supplied by the thoracoabdominal spinal nerves:
T7 – L1

31
Q

Where do the nerves run that innervate the abdominal wall?

A

Nerves run in neurovascular plane between
internal oblique and transversus abdominus
muscle.

32
Q

What does the inguinal ligament attach to?

A

Attaches to Anterior superior iliac
spine and pubic tubercle

33
Q

Where does the inguinal ligament originate from?

A

Free border of external oblique
aponeurosis

34
Q

What does the inguinal canal allow in males?

A

Allows spermatic cord to
pass to and from testis.

35
Q

What does the inguinal canal allow in females?

A

Permits the passage of
round ligament of uterus to labia
majora.

36
Q

What are the 2 openings of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Deep inguinal ring
  2. Superficial inguinal ring
37
Q

What is the deep inguinal ring?

A

The entrance to the canal

38
Q

What is the superficial inguinal ring?

A

Exit of canal

39
Q

What shaped opening is the superficial inguinal ring and where?

A

Triangular opening in aponeurosis of
external oblique

40
Q

Where is the inguinal ring located?

A

2 – 3 cm superior and lateral to pubic
tubercle.

41
Q

What is the deep inguinal ring?

A

Evagination in the transversalis fascia
produced by process vaginalis

42
Q

Where is the deep inguinal ring located?

A

Located lateral to the inferior epigastric
vessels.

43
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Spermatic cord
  2. Ilioinguinal nerve
44
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A

Vas deferens
Lymphatics
Tunica vaginalis

45
Q

What are the arteries in the spermatic cord?

A

-Testicular artery
-Cremasteric artery
-Artery to vas deferens

46
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal in females?

A
  1. Round ligament of uterus
  2. Ilioinguinal nerve
47
Q

What does the round ligament of uterus attach to, transverse and spread out to?

A

Attaches to uterus, transverses inguinal canal
and spreads out in labia majora

48
Q

What are inguinal hernias?

A

Protrusion of gut or omentum (peritoneum containing fat) through the inguinal canal.

49
Q

What is a direct inguinal hernia?

A

Hernia passes directly through abdominal wall
Medial to inferior epigastric artery.

50
Q

What is an indirect inguinal hernia?

A

Passing through length of canal.
Lateral to inferior epigastric artery.

51
Q

What does a direct inguinal hernia exit via?

A

Exits via superficial inguinal ring, lateral to
spermatic cord

52
Q

What does an indirect inguinal hernia exit via?

A

Exits via superficial inguinal ring and
can pass into scrotum/ labium majus

53
Q

what causes direct inguinal hernias?

A

Weakness in
abdominal wall

Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions