Anatomy

Question 1

What are the chamber of the heart?

Answer 1

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle

Question 2

Where does the RA receive blood from?

Answer 2

Vena cava

Question 3

Where does the RV send blood?

Answer 3

Pulmonary artery

Question 4

Where does LA receive blood from?

Answer 4

Pulmonary vein

Question 5

Where does LV send blood?

Answer 5

Aorta

Question 6

What forms the anterior border of the heart?

Answer 6

Right ventricle

Question 7

What forms the posterior border of the heart?

Answer 7

Left atrium

Question 8

What forms the inferior surface of the heart

Answer 8

Left + right ventricles

Question 9

What forms the right border of the heart?

Answer 9

Right atrium

Question 10

What forms the left border of the heart?

Answer 10

Left ventricle

Question 11

What valve is between the RA and RV?

Answer 11

Tricuspid

Question 12

What valve is between the LA and LV?

Answer 12

Mitral

Question 13

How many cusps does the tricuspid valve have?

Answer 13

Three

Question 14

How many cusps does the mitral valve have?

Answer 14

Two

Question 15

Where can the tricuspid valve be heard?

Answer 15

4/5th ICS lower left sternal edge

Question 16

Where can the mitral valve be heard?

Answer 16

5th ICS midclavicular

Question 17

Where can the aortic valve be heard?

Answer 17

2nd ICS right sternal edge

Question 18

Where can the pulmonary valve be heard?

Answer 18

2nd ICS left sternal edge

Question 19

What are the layers of the heart wall?

Answer 19

Endocardium
Subendocardial layer
Myocardium
Epicardium

Question 20

What is the endocardium?

Answer 20

Lines the cavities and valves

Loose connective tissue + simple squamous epithelium

Question 21

What is the subendocardial layer?

Answer 21

Loose fibrous tissue

Contains vessels and Purkinje fibres

Question 22

What is the myocardium?

Answer 22

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary striated muscle

Question 23

What is the epicardium?

Answer 23

Connective tissue + fat

Question 24

Where does the right coronary artery run?

Answer 24

Branches to the right of pulmonary trunk

Gives of the right marginal artery
- runs towards apex

Runs along coronary sulcus to posterior aspect of heart

Give of posterior interventricular artery
- follows posterior interventricular groove

Question 25

Where does the left coronary artery run?

Answer 25

Passes between the left side of pulmonary trunk and left auricle Divides into left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery

Question 26

Where does the LAD artery run?

Answer 26

Follows anterior interventricular groove

Question 27

Where does the circumflex artery run?

Answer 27

Follows coronary sulcus Gives rise to left marginal artery - follows left border of the heart

Question 28

What does the RCA supply?

Answer 28

RA + RV

Question 29

What does the RMA supply?

Answer 29

RV + apex

Question 30

What does the LAD supply?

Answer 30

RV + LV + interventricular septum

Question 31

What does the LMA supply?

Answer 31

LV

Question 32

What does the circumflex artery supply?

Answer 32

LA + LV

Question 33

WHat does the PIVA supply?

Answer 33

RV + LV + interventricular septum

Question 34

What are the branches of the aorta?

Answer 34

Coronary arteries Brachiocephalic trunk Common carotid (left) Subclavian artery (left)

Question 35

What makes up the brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 35

Right common carotid | Right subclavian

Question 36

What does the subclavian artery supply?

Answer 36

Upper limb

Question 37

What does the common carotid artery supply?

Answer 37

Head + neck

Question 38

What are the branches of the thoracic aorta?

Answer 38

``` Bronchial arteries Mediastinal arteries Oesophageal arteries Pericardial arteries Superior phrenic arteries Intercostal arteries Subcostal arteries ```

Question 39

What do bronchial arteries supply?

Answer 39

Supply - bronchial tissue - peribronchial tissue - visceral pleura ``` left = direct from aorta right = third posterior intercostal artery ```

Question 40

What do the mediastinal arteries supply?

Answer 40

Supply - lymph glands - loose areolar tissue In posterior mediastinum

Question 41

What are the oesophageal arteries?

Answer 41

Unpaired visceral arteries arising anteriorly Supply - oesophagus

Question 42

What do the pericardial arteries supply?

Answer 42

Supply | - dorsal portion of pericardium

Question 43

What are the superior phrenic arteries?

Answer 43

Paired parietal branches Supply - superior portion of diaphragm

Question 44

What do the intercostal arteries supply?

Answer 44

Supply | - ICS 3-11

Question 45

What do the subcostal arteries supply?

Answer 45

Supply | - flat abdominal wall muscles

Question 46

What are the branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 46

``` Inferior phrenic arteries Coeliac artery Superior mesenteric artery Middle suprarenal arteries Renal arteries Gonadal arteries Inferior mesenteric artery Median sacral artery Lumbar arteries ```

Question 47

What level does the aorta bifurcate?

Answer 47

L4

Question 48

What level does the pulmonary trunk split?

Answer 48

T5-6

Question 49

What forms the superior vena cava?

Answer 49

Vessels superior to diaphragm Formed by brachiocephalic veins merging

Question 50

What forms the inferior vena cava?

Answer 50

Formed in pelvis by common illiac veins Passes through diaphragm at T8