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Cardiovascular System > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the chamber of the heart?

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle

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2
Q

Where does the RA receive blood from?

A

Vena cava

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3
Q

Where does the RV send blood?

A

Pulmonary artery

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4
Q

Where does LA receive blood from?

A

Pulmonary vein

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5
Q

Where does LV send blood?

A

Aorta

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6
Q

What forms the anterior border of the heart?

A

Right ventricle

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7
Q

What forms the posterior border of the heart?

A

Left atrium

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8
Q

What forms the inferior surface of the heart

A

Left + right ventricles

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9
Q

What forms the right border of the heart?

A

Right atrium

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10
Q

What forms the left border of the heart?

A

Left ventricle

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11
Q

What valve is between the RA and RV?

A

Tricuspid

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12
Q

What valve is between the LA and LV?

A

Mitral

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13
Q

How many cusps does the tricuspid valve have?

A

Three

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14
Q

How many cusps does the mitral valve have?

A

Two

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15
Q

Where can the tricuspid valve be heard?

A

4/5th ICS lower left sternal edge

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16
Q

Where can the mitral valve be heard?

A

5th ICS midclavicular

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17
Q

Where can the aortic valve be heard?

A

2nd ICS right sternal edge

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18
Q

Where can the pulmonary valve be heard?

A

2nd ICS left sternal edge

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19
Q

What are the layers of the heart wall?

A

Endocardium
Subendocardial layer
Myocardium
Epicardium

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20
Q

What is the endocardium?

A

Lines the cavities and valves

Loose connective tissue + simple squamous epithelium

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21
Q

What is the subendocardial layer?

A

Loose fibrous tissue

Contains vessels and Purkinje fibres

22
Q

What is the myocardium?

A

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary striated muscle

23
Q

What is the epicardium?

A

Connective tissue + fat

24
Q

Where does the right coronary artery run?

A

Branches to the right of pulmonary trunk

Gives of the right marginal artery
- runs towards apex

Runs along coronary sulcus to posterior aspect of heart

Give of posterior interventricular artery
- follows posterior interventricular groove

25
Q

Where does the left coronary artery run?

A

Passes between the left side of pulmonary trunk and left auricle

Divides into left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery

26
Q

Where does the LAD artery run?

A

Follows anterior interventricular groove

27
Q

Where does the circumflex artery run?

A

Follows coronary sulcus

Gives rise to left marginal artery
- follows left border of the heart

28
Q

What does the RCA supply?

A

RA + RV

29
Q

What does the RMA supply?

A

RV + apex

30
Q

What does the LAD supply?

A

RV + LV + interventricular septum

31
Q

What does the LMA supply?

A

LV

32
Q

What does the circumflex artery supply?

A

LA + LV

33
Q

WHat does the PIVA supply?

A

RV + LV + interventricular septum

34
Q

What are the branches of the aorta?

A

Coronary arteries
Brachiocephalic trunk
Common carotid (left)
Subclavian artery (left)

35
Q

What makes up the brachiocephalic trunk

A

Right common carotid

Right subclavian

36
Q

What does the subclavian artery supply?

A

Upper limb

37
Q

What does the common carotid artery supply?

A

Head + neck

38
Q

What are the branches of the thoracic aorta?

A 
Bronchial arteries
Mediastinal arteries
Oesophageal arteries
Pericardial arteries
Superior phrenic arteries 
Intercostal arteries
Subcostal arteries
39
Q

What do bronchial arteries supply?

A

Supply

  • bronchial tissue
  • peribronchial tissue
  • visceral pleura
left = direct from aorta
right = third posterior intercostal artery
40
Q

What do the mediastinal arteries supply?

A

Supply

  • lymph glands
  • loose areolar tissue

In posterior mediastinum

41
Q

What are the oesophageal arteries?

A

Unpaired visceral arteries arising anteriorly

Supply
- oesophagus

42
Q

What do the pericardial arteries supply?

A

Supply

- dorsal portion of pericardium

43
Q

What are the superior phrenic arteries?

A

Paired parietal branches

Supply
- superior portion of diaphragm

44
Q

What do the intercostal arteries supply?

A

Supply

- ICS 3-11

45
Q

What do the subcostal arteries supply?

A

Supply

- flat abdominal wall muscles

46
Q

What are the branches of the abdominal aorta?

A 
Inferior phrenic arteries
Coeliac artery
Superior mesenteric artery 
Middle suprarenal arteries
Renal arteries
Gonadal arteries
Inferior mesenteric artery
Median sacral artery 
Lumbar arteries
47
Q

What level does the aorta bifurcate?

A

L4

48
Q

What level does the pulmonary trunk split?

A

T5-6

49
Q

What forms the superior vena cava?

A

Vessels superior to diaphragm

Formed by brachiocephalic veins merging

50
Q

What forms the inferior vena cava?

A

Formed in pelvis by common illiac veins

Passes through diaphragm at T8

Cardiovascular System (16 decks)

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