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A&P > Anatomical Terminology/Membranes > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology/Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of structures and their relationships

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2
Q

_______: macroscopic anatomy

A

Gross anatomy

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3
Q

_____________: the study of functions

A

Physiology

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4
Q

What are the 6 levels of organization in anatomy?

A
  1. Chemical and molecular
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. System
  6. Organism
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5
Q

What is the study of cells? Tissues?

A 
Cells= cytology
Tissue= histology
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6
Q

What is an organ?

A

Tissues combining for a common function (ex- heart muscle)

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7
Q

What is a tissue?

A

Cells combining for a common function (heart tissue)

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8
Q

____________: consist of different origins that work together closely

A

Organ system

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9
Q

What is lateral? What is its opp?

A

Lateral in on either side of the midline, the opposite is medial

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10
Q

What is proximal? What is its opp?

A

“More above”, and the opp is distal

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11
Q

What is anterior-ventral? What is the opp?

A

Anterior or ventral means in front. The opposite is posterior.

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12
Q

What is superficial? The opp?

A

External, opposite is deep or internal

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13
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Belonging to or occurring on the same side if the body

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14
Q

Contralateral

A

relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs

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15
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

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16
Q

Sagittal plan

A

Dividing the frontal body in half

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17
Q

What is it called when the Sagittal plane is directly in the middle?

A

Midsaggital or median

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18
Q

What is a transverse plane?

A

Dividing the body into top and bottom half

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19
Q

What is the frontal or coronal plane?

A

Divides the body into front and back

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20
Q

What are the dorsal cavities?

A

Cranial and spinal

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21
Q

What are the ventral cavities?

A

Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

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22
Q

_______: Cavity containing urinary and reproductive organs surrounded by pelvic bones

A

Pelvic

23
Q

__________: cavity containing liver, stomach, diaphragm superior boundary

A

Abdominal

24
Q

_________: cavity containing heart and lungs, diaphragm inferior boundary

A

Thoracic

25
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement from high to low concentration

26
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across a membrane

27
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Passive transport but needs protein help

28
Q

Filtrated

A

Movement via hydrostatic pressure that moves whatever can fit through the wall of the membrane

29
Q

Active transport

A

Opposite of concentration gradient

30
Q

Active transport

A

Opposite of conc gradient

31
Q

Endocytosis/Phagocytosis

A

Cell “eating”

32
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Eating those cells

33
Q

Phagocyte

A

A cell that does its eating as its job

34
Q

Exocytosis

A

A cell pushes out particles using a secretory vesicle

35
Q

Negative feedback loops

A

Mechanisms that result in opposite effect (thyroid high NFL lower them)

36
Q

Positive feedback loops

A

Mechanism that results in the same effect (mostly associated with disease, but sometimes a good thing)

37
Q

_______ muscle: striated with nucleus near the periphery of the cell

A

Skeletal

38
Q

________ muscle: striated with nucleus near the periphery of the cell, but also darker striations dispersed among the cell (intercalated disks)

A

Cardiac

39
Q

________ muscle: no striations, L to R that have nucleus in the middle

A

Smooth

40
Q

_______ tissue: will have branching cells that are interconnected

A

Nervous

41
Q

The dendrites, axon, and neurologia cells that are dispersed between the ___________

A

Neurons

42
Q

What are the cells in connective tissue

A

Fibroblasts

43
Q

What are the 3 types of fibers in connective tissue?

A

Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers

44
Q

___________: has elastic or collagen fibers with nucleus dispersed throughout

A

Loose, or areolar, connective tissue

45
Q

____________: has collagen fibers and nucleus of fibroblasts

A

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

46
Q

______________: has bubbly adipocytes or fat cells

A

Adipose tissue

47
Q

____________: found in between bones. Chrondocyte in a lacuna

A

Hyaline cartilage

48
Q

____________ intervertebral disk that has collagen fibers in the matrix and chondrocyte in lacuna

A

Fibrocartilage

49
Q

____________ in the matrix and chondrocyte in lacunae

A

Elastic cartilage

50
Q

__________ matrix organized in to lamellae with a central canal and lacuna

A

Compact bone

51
Q

___________________: Membranes that secrete mucous (more viscous than water)

A

Mucous membrane

52
Q

Serous membrane

A

Membranes that secrete serum =

53
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

The technical term for out skin

54
Q

Synovial membrane

A

A specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of the synovial joints and tendon sheath

A&P (22 decks)

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