An update to the Greig Health Record: Preventive health care visits for children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years - Technical report Flashcards

Question

What are associated behaviors with problem gambling?

Answer 1

1. Parental concern re: emotional health 2. Academic performance problems 3. Sleep problems, substance use 4. Criminal activities or money missing from the home

Answer 2

1. Frequency - at least once per week is a risk 2. Limits - do they gamble more than planned 3. Secrecy - hiding gambling, lying * Ask about depression/suicide in those aware that they have a problem

Answer 3

1. Adolescence 2. Depression 3. Loss 4. Abuse 5. Impulsivity 6. Antisocial traits 7. Learning disabilities

Answer 4

Three or more of the following features: 1. tolerance 2. salience 3. withdrawal symptoms 4. difficulty controlling use 5. continued use despite negative consequences 6. Neglecting other activities 7. desire to cut down

Answer 5

Prevention of smoking in children and youth BUT not cessation Insufficient evidence for alcohol or drug abuse prevention strategies

Answer 6

CRAFFT screening questionnaire

Answer 7

1. Have you ever ridden in a CAR driven by someone who was "high" or had been using alcohol or drugs? 2. Do you ever use alcohol or drugs to RELAX , feel better about yourself or fit in? 3. Do you ever use alcohol or drugs while you are by yourself or ALONE? 4. Do you ever FORGET things you did while using alcohol or drugs? 5. Do your FAMILY or FRIENDS ever tell you that you should cut down on your drinking or drug use? 6. Have you ever gotten into TROUBLE while you were using alcohol or drugs?

Answer 8

1. 45mg/day for 4-6yo 2. 62.5mg/day for 7-9yo 3. 85mg/day for 10-12yo 4. Insufficient evidence for teens 5. 400mg/day for adults

Answer 9

Appearance of physical signs of puberty before age 9 in boys and before age 7-8yo in girls. But it maybe normal for breast and pubic hair development as young as 6yo in certain ethnicities

Answer 10

1. Growth and history reviewed | 2. Bone age for height prediction

Answer 11

1. 16yo for non-exploitative activity 2. 18yo for exploitative activity (e.g. prostitution, pornography, relationships with difference in authority or dependence) 3. for 14-15yo within 5years of their age 4. for 12-13yo within 2 years of their age 5. No consent under age 12

Answer 12

The sending or receiving of sexually explicit messages or images electronically

Answer 13

43% occurs to women 15-24yo 13% of girls who have been in a relationship have been physically abused 54% of girls 15-19yo have experienced "sexual coercion" in a dating relationship

Answer 14

Without prescription everywhere excluding Saskatchewan where its behind the counter and in Quebec where it requires a pharmacist prescription

Answer 15

Screening every three years beginning at 21yo if sexually active

Answer 16

Because abnormal test results are likely to be transient and to resolve on their own; in addition, resulting treatment may have an adverse effect on future child-bearing

Answer 17

STI testing in all sexually active women under 25yo at least annually Screen males with risk factors

Answer 18

1. Partners: sex with men, women, both or people who identify in other ways? how many partners in the past 2 months/12 months? any partners having sex with someone else while in a sexual relationship with you? 2. Pregnancy prevention: what are you doing to prevent pregnancy? 3. STI Protection: what do you do to protect yourself from STIs and HIV? 4. Practices: vaginal/anal/oral sex? condom use? 5. Past STI history: have you or a partner ever had a STI, injected drugs, or exchanged sex for drugs or money?

Answer 19

1. Urine sample for males 2. Urine testing for asymptomatic women 3. Cervical or vaginal swabs for symptomatic females or those who have been in contact with infected person 4. Male who have sex with males gonorrhea screening for urethral, pharyngeal and rectal infections

Answer 20

Screen all sexually active individuals older than 15yo and screen those under 15yo with risk factors. Risk factors include: MSM, IVDU, those w/ STI or requesting STI testing, unprotected vaginal or anal intercourse, having sexual partners who are infected w/ HIV, bisexual or injecting drugs, exchanging sex for drugs or money

Answer 21

Screen for those at increased risk, including high community prevalence

Answer 22

Screen high risk

Answer 23

Insufficient evidence for primary screening

Answer 24

Primary screening not recommended

Answer 25

Breast and testicular routine or self-examination not recommended

Answer 26

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 27

a broad domain of healing resources that encompasses all health systems, modalities, and practices and their accompanying theories and beliefs, other than those intrinsic to the politically dominant health systems of a particular society or culture in a given historical period. CAM includes herbs, homeopathic medicines, acupuncture, energy healing, yoga, special diets, biofeedback techniques

Answer 28

20-40% in healthy children 50% in children w/ chronic, recurrent, or intractable health conditions 70% in street-involved youth

Answer 29

1. low SES 2. living in a rural or remote area 3. First Nations people living off reserve

Answer 30

1. >5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day 2. Avoid sweetened fruit drinks, sport-drinks, and soft-drinks 3. Eat breakfast daily 4. Eat family meals, as many times as possible, includes breakfast, lunch and dinner 5. Do not eat in front of the television 6. Minimize meals outside of the house and no "fast foods" 7. Food portions should be self regulated by child 8. Minimum of 60 minutes per day of physical activity 9. Adequate sleep 10. Maximum of 2h per day of screen time after 2yo, no TV or video games in the bedroom

Answer 31

1. >60min of moderate to intense physical activity daily 2. Include vigorous physical activity for 60min >3 days per week 3. Include muscle and bone strengthening >3 days per week 4. Limit passive transportation e.g. by car 5. Limit sitting for prolonged periods of time 6. Encourage periodic or incidental movement during times of prolonged sitting 7. Allow time for free play

Answer 32

Includes television, computers, video games, electronic games, handheld games, some phone activities Ages 5-17yo - maximum 2h per day of recreational use. Less is better for additional health benefits

Answer 33

1. decrease obesity 2. improve BP 3. improve lipids and glucose 4. improve muscle and bone health 5. improve cognitive executive function 6. improve cognitive testing 7. improve working memory 8. reduce depressive symptoms 9. improves fitness 10. improves body composition 11. improves body satisfaction in girls 12. improves general self-esteem 13. improves pro-social behaviors

Answer 34

6-12yo: 10-12h | 13-18yo: 9-10h

Answer 35

1. weight gain and concurrent and adult obesity 2. increased risk of glucose intolerance and diabetes 3. suicidal ideation 4. cardiovascular risk factors

Answer 36

1. Better cognitive performance 2. Better working memory and memory consolidation 3. Fewer behavioral problems 4. Better school performance 5. Improved emotional regulation

Answer 37

Snoring Mouth breathing Gasping during sleep

Answer 38

Fatigue Poor concentration Inattention

Answer 39

Hypertrophy of the adenoids and tonsils

Answer 40

1. Cardio-metabolic consequences 2. Neurocognitive deficits (impaired learning and memory) 3. Behavioral problems

Answer 41

1. maintain a relaxed predictable sleep routine - consistent and earlier bedtimes for all family members 2. encourage relaxed settings at bedtime (dim lights, calm environment) 3. identify and avoid negative sleep associations 4. decrease time, attention given to night waking 5. acknowledge night time fears and provide reassurance 6. avoid daytime napping 7. interact with children at bedtime 8. avoid replacing parental attention w/ TV, computer or video games 9. no electronic or media in the bedroom 10. limit screen time before bedtime (avoid 1-2h before bedtime) 11. reading is an essential part of the bedtime routine 12. no foods or drinks that contain caffeine (including chocolate and soft drinks) before bed, as it may interfere with sleep onset and quality 13. avoid stimulant medications e.g. cough medicine, decongestants 14. consult with a primary care practitioner about snoring or other sleep concerns

Answer 42

1. have a consistent bedtime routine 2. try to keep sleep and wake times the same for weekdays and weekends 3. avoid daytime napping 4. have a relaxed setting at bedtime (dim lights, calm environment) 5. get exercise every day, but avoid high-intensity exercise within 3h of bedtime 6. fall asleep in your bedroom, not on the couch 7. avoid caffeine after mid-afternoon and later 8. don't smoke and don't use alcohol, herbal products or OTC sleep aids to help you sleep 9. avoid media/electronics in the bedroom 10. limit screen time before bedtime (avoid 1-2h before bedtime) 11. consult with a PCP about snoring or other sleep concerns

Answer 43

1. Helmet use with bicycles 2. Booster seats for children 5-7yo 3. Seat belts for children >8 4. ATV and snowmobile drivers should be >16yo 5. Children should not ride as passengers on ATVs or snowmobiles 6. No trampoline use in home environments 7. No participation in trampolines for children <6yo 8. Parental supervision for children in water 9. Pools should be fenced 10. No swimming alone 11. Swimming lessons should be encouraged and begin at about 5yo 12. Children and youth <18yo should be banned from commercial tanning facilities 13. Recommend elimination of firearms in homes and communities 14. recommend safer gun storage 15. No checks to the head in hockey 16. avoid head-to-head contact 17. wear appropriate protection 18. skiiers and snowboarders should wear helmets 19. wrist guards should be used while snowboarding 20. Avoid bodychecking in hockey 21. Limit teens to <20h per week of work 22. Smoke detectors should be properly installed, checked regularly and replaced every 10y

Answer 44

1. Asthma 2. Altered respiratory function 3. Infection 4. Cardiovascular effects 5. Behavior problems 6. Sleep difficulties 7. Increased cancer risk 8. Higher likelihood of smoke initiation

Answer 45

1. Professional dental care including fluoride application and selective use of sealants 2. Regular brushing with fluoride-containing toothpaste 3. Regular flossing 4. Fluoride supplementation if not in the water

Answer 46

1. Height 2. Weight 3. BP 4. Visual acuity screening

Answer 47

Lifestyle modification: weight reduction if overweight or obese, increasing physical activity, reduce sodium, engage in health education and counselling

Answer 48

1. No routine 2. Rubella immunity confirmed in sexually active females 3. Ferritin screening for those at risk for iron deficiency 4. Sickle cell screening in at-risk populations 5. Lipid and plasma glucose in overweight or obese children >10yo

Answer 49

1. use the least painful brand 2. keep the child in a non-supine position 3. rapid injection without aspiration 4. inject the most painful vaccine last 5. rub or stroke the skin of the injection site with moderate intensity before and during vaccination 6. parent-led distraction or coaching may be used 7. clinician led or child led distraction should be used 8. have child do slow deep breathing or blowing during vaccination 9. use combined psychological interventions 10. avoid telling child, "It won't hurt"

Answer 50

1. Two doses of varicella with the second dose at 18m or 4-6yo 2. Two doses of MMR: 12m and 18m or 4-6yo 3. Can use the combo MMRV 4. Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in early adolescence 5. Meningococcal B for those at high risk 6. HPV recommended for both genders 9-26yo 7. TB screening in high risk groups only

Answer 51

HPV 6 and 11 genital warts HPV 16 and 18 cancers of cervic, penis, anus, mouth, and oropharynx HPV 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 associated with malignancies