Amyloidosis

Question 1

What is amyloidosis

Answer 1

Pathological protein deposition between cells

Question 2

What causes amyloidosis

Answer 2

Abnormally folded proteins are deposited in tissue

Question 3

What is the most common amyloidosis

Answer 3

AA amyloidosis - misfolding of SAA
Found in the lover during acute inflammation
High or prolonged production –> accumulation of misfolded protein

Question 4

What conditions are needed for AA amyloidosis to occur

Answer 4

Defect in normal degradation process
Abnormalities in SAA that make it resitant to normal enzymatic degradation

Question 5

What is AL amyloidosis

Answer 5

Misfolding of immunoglobulin light chains
Rare in animals

Question 6

Where can localized amyloidosis occur

Answer 6

Horses - nodules in skin, nasal cavities
Cats - nodules in pancreatic islets
Dogs - blood vessels

Question 7

Gross signs of amyloidosis -

Answer 7

Organ enlarged, pale, slightly firm
Tissue may feel waxy

Question 8

What will stain amyloidosis grossly and what color will it be

Answer 8

Lugol’s iodine, black

Question 9

Amyloidosis - histo

Answer 9

H&E - homologous, eosinophilic, extracellular deposits
Congo red will stain red/orange, looks apple green under polarized light