amino acid

Question 1

four main functions of proteins

Answer 1

catalysis, transport, structure, and motion (myosin and actin)

Question 2

__ ___ are the building blocks of proteins

Answer 2

amino acids

Question 3

basic anatomy of amino acid includes

Answer 3

central carbon, an amino group, carboxyl group and r side chain

Question 4

most amino acids are chiral in nature which means

Answer 4

they have 4 unique attachments on central carbon

Question 5

eukaryotes use only ___ isomer of amino acids

Answer 5

L

Question 6

we only use L isomer because

Answer 6

environment contains only L amino acids

Question 7

___ is the only non chiral

Answer 7

glycine

Question 8

first carbon with greek letter alpha will be

Answer 8

chiral carbon

Question 9

what are the 5 R group classifications of amino acids

Answer 9

nonpolar (7), aromatic (3), polar uncharged(5), pos. charged (3), neg. charged (2)

Question 10

what are the amino acids with nonpolar side chains

Answer 10

G, A, P, V, L , I, M

Question 11

what are the 3 aromatic amino acids

Answer 11

F, Y, W

Question 12

G

Answer 12

GLY, glycine

Question 13

A

Answer 13

Ala

Question 14

P

Answer 14

pro

Question 15

v

Answer 15

val

Question 16

L

Answer 16

leu

Question 17

I

Answer 17

ile

Question 18

M

Answer 18

met

Question 19

F

Answer 19

phe

Question 20

Y

Answer 20

tyr

Question 21

W

Answer 21

trp (tryptophan)

Question 22

____ and ___ are the strongest chromophores

Answer 22

tryptophan and tyrosine

Question 23

the aromatic R groups are the only ones which can do what

Answer 23

absorb light

Question 24

polar uncharged amino acids

Answer 24

S, T, C, N, Q

Question 25

S

Answer 25

ser

Question 26

T

Answer 26

thr (threonine)

Question 27

C

Answer 27

cys

Question 28

N

Answer 28

Asn (asparagine)

Question 29

positively charged R groups

Answer 29

K, R, H

Question 29

Q

Answer 29

Gln (glutamine)

Question 30

cystein has___ group, can form disulfide bondsn

Answer 30

thiole

Question 31

K

Answer 31

lys

Question 32

R

Answer 32

arg (arginine)

Question 33

H

Answer 33

histidine

Question 34

negatively charged R groups

Answer 34

D, E

Question 35

D

Answer 35

asp (aspartate)

Question 36

E

Answer 36

GLU (glutamate)

Question 37

when pH < pKa

Answer 37

fully protonated

Question 38

when pH = pKa

Answer 38

half protonated/ half deprotonated

Question 39

when pH > pKa

Answer 39

fully deprotonated

Question 40

at neutral pH the ___ group is deprotonated but ____ is protonated (0)

Answer 40

carboxyl, amino

Question 41

at acidic pH the carboxyl group is _____ but amino is _____

Answer 41

protonated, cationic (+1)