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Pediatrics Rotation > Allergy and Immunology > Flashcards

Allergy and Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

systemic IgE mediated reaction

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2
Q

treatment for anaphylaxis

A

epinephrine

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3
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

IgE-medicated inflammatory response

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4
Q

Allergen-specific IgE binds to what

A

mast cells and basophils

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5
Q

Dennie’s lines

A

creases under eyes as a result of chronic edema

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6
Q

nasal smear for cytology for allergic rhinitis sows

A
  • more than 10 percent eosinophils

- polymorphic leukocytes

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7
Q

most effective class of drugs for allergic rhinitis

A

intranasal steroids

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8
Q

first line therapy for allergic rhinitis

A
  • first generation antihistamin

- second generation: safer and better tolerated, not as effective

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9
Q

why are decongestants used for a short period of time in allergic rhinitis

A

side effects of insomnia, nervousness, and rebound rhinitis

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10
Q

principle of immunotherapy of repeated injection so what for allergic rhinitis

A

allergens,

- with time, better tolerance

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11
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema

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12
Q

lichenification

A

thickening of skin

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13
Q

chronic changes to atropic dermatitis

A

lichenification and pigmentary changes

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14
Q

infantile form of atopic dematitis

A

truncal and facial areas
along scalp
extensor surfaces

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15
Q

early childhood atopic dermatitis

A

flexural surfaces
chronic itching
lichenification

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16
Q

Diagnosis for atopic dermatitis

A

3/4

  1. pruritus
  2. personal or family history of atopy
  3. typical morphology and distribution
  4. relapsing or chronic dermatitis
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17
Q

management of atopic dermatitis

A

antihistamines

steroids

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18
Q

most common food allergies

A 
egg
milk 
peanut
soy 
wheat 
fish
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19
Q

laboratory test for food allergy

A

skin test

radioallergosorbent (RAST) test

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20
Q

how can diffuse urticaria be treated

A
  • antihistamines

- steroids

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21
Q

Urticaria

A

circumscribed, raised, evanescent (vanishing) areas of edema that are almost always pruritic

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22
Q

patients with chronic urticaria have what problem

A

IgG antibody to IgE receptor

23
Q

latex allergy can cause what

A

acute urticaria

24
Q

drug allergy

A

IgE mediated or direct mast cell degranulation

25
Innate response of body
- phagocytic cells - natural killer cells - toll-like receptors - mannose-binding protein - alternative pathway of complement
26
adaptive immune response
B and T cells
27
Most common immune deficiency
IgA deficiency
28
Management of IgA deficiency
manage infections
29
Common variable immunodeficiency
defect in B-cell maturation
30
Management of Common variable immunodeficiency
IVIG aggressive management of infections chronic diarrhea management
31
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
defective T and B cells
32
how is SCID inherited
X-linked | AR
33
clinical feature of SCID
FTT chronic diarrhea infections within first few months
34
Management of SCID
- no blood products - monthly IVIG - P. carinii pneumoni prophylaxis
35
Ataxia telangiectasia
AR Cerebellar ataxia oculocutaneous telangiectasias
36
what chromosome is ataxia telangiectasia on
11
37
what management should be avoided in ataxia telangiectasia
ionizing radiation
38
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
WATER Thrombocytopenia Eczema Recurrent infections
39
how is Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome inherited
X-linked | -short arm
40
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome are susceptible to what infections
encapsulated organisms
41
which antibody is low for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
IgM
42
Management Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
HLA-matched bone marrow transplant IVIG splenectomy
43
what must be given regularly after splenectomy
prophylactic antibiotics or IVIG
44
Bruton's Agammaglobinemia
Bad B | Good T
45
What gene is impacted in Bruton's Agammaglobinemia
BTK gene
46
Bruton's Agammaglobinemia increases susceptibility to what infections
encapsulated bacteria
47
Management of Bruton's Agammaglobinemia
monthly IVIG replacement
48
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
deficient NAPDH oxidase
49
Diagnosis for Chronic Granulomatous Disease
nitroblue tetrazolium | flow cytometric assay
50
Schwachman-Diamond syndrome
- decrease neutrophil chemotaxis - cyclic neutropenia - pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
51
clinical features of Schwachman-Diamond syndrome
- recurrent soft tissue infection - chronic diarrhea - FTT
52
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
neutropenia and thrombocytopenia - S. aures common infection - partial oculocutaneous albinism
53
deficiency or dysfunction of C1 esterase inhibitor causes
hereditary angioedema

Pediatrics Rotation (19 decks)

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