Alimentary - Intestines

Question 1

Where is Vit B primarily absorbed?

Answer 1

Ileum

Question 2

What are the 2 forms of simple acute indigestion?

Answer 2

1. Rumen indigestion
2. Small intestine {gas in the intestine bowel—>colic}

Question 3

Hypocalcemia & hypochloremia are common electrolyte findings in what GI upset?

Answer 3

small intestinal indigestion

Question 4

What are goals are treatments for simple acute indigestion based on?

Answer 4

1. Restablish normal GI motility & flora
2. Evacuate the GI tract intending to eliminate causative agent

Question 5

What is the most recognized form of Listeriosis in adult ruminants?

Answer 5

Encephalitis/Meningoencephalitis
corn silage—> inc.pH & favors its growth

Question 6

What cranial nerves are affected once Listeria has reached the brainstem?

Answer 6

V, IX, X, & XII

Trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, vagus, & hypoglossal

Question 7

What metabolic A/B disturbance may be a clinical sign in obstructive disease of the small intestine?

Answer 7

metaboic alkalosis
{also may show progressive deterioration including increased hydration, HR, & attitude}

Question 8

How would the abdomen be distended in the case of small intestine obstruction?

Answer 8

Right ventral quadrant {RLQ}

Question 9

What’s another name for Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

Answer 9

Jejunal hemorrhage syndrome

Question 10

What are the important risk factors for fat necrosis in beef cattle?

Answer 10

Fescue pasture!
{winter grass}

​endophytic fungus:
Acremonium coenophialium; Neotyphodium coenophialum

Question 11

What is the most common site for esophageal obstruction in cattle ?

Answer 11

Anterior cervical
{caused by feed or solid objects}

Question 12

What is the last resort for treatment of esophageal obstruction?

Answer 12

esophagostomy
{if other attempts unsuccessful}

Question 13

T or F:
Cecum & Colon dilation & volvulus is thought to be based on the same causative factors as DAs.

Answer 13

True

• ​modern dairy diets
• fermentable feedstuffs
• hypocalcemia
• endotoxemia {metritis, mastitis}
• indigestion

Question 14

What is the differentiating factor Dr. Bittar stressed in class between the progression of Cecal/colonic dilation & volvulus vs. Displaced abomasum?

Answer 14

There may be chloride changes as Cecal/colonic dilation & volvulus progresses,
but not as huge/significant changes as DAs.

^also a diagnostic tool^

Question 15

Medical treatment(s) for Cecal/colonic dilation & volvulus?

Answer 15

• Laxative ruminator is daily {in warm H₂O}
• Ca²⁺ solutions as needed
• fix root GI inertia problems {if present}

Question 16

How do we treat peritonitis?

Answer 16

heavy antibiotic therapy!

• high [PPG]
• flunixin meglumine
• supportive therapy {fluids IV & PO}
• try to solve cause of leak/contamination

Question 17

Describe the pathology pictured.

Answer 17

NORMAL

Question 18

Describe the pathology pictured.

Answer 18

Abnormal; peritonitis