Algae Flashcards
What are algae classified by
colour shape type of chlorophyll/accessory pigments form of food storage substance and cell wall composition
what is the holdfast for
to anchor agae to substrate
what are the blades for
large surface area= good for ps
what is the bladder used for
buoyancy
what is in the bladder
gasses
what does the visible spectrum have
different wavelengths of light energy
surface water absorbs high medium or low energy light?
low energy
what are the colours of low energy light
red orange yellow
where does green algae live
shallow depths
Where does the blue end of the spectrum reach?
deep
why does the blue spectrum reach deeper than the rest?
higher energy wavelenghts
red algae ives where
deepest depths
whatis the re algae accessory pigment
phycobilin
where does brown algae live
middle depths
brown algae accessory pigment
fucoxanthin
Chlorophyta
green algae
describe phylum chlorophyta
mostly single cell, but also colonial and multi cellular contains chlorophyll a and b green cellulose cell wall lives at the surface
which chlorophyll does chlorophyta have
a and b
phylum that lives at the surface
chlorophyta
Rhodophyta
red algae
descrbe phylum rhodophytA
most large and multicelular, but few unicellular chlorophyll a and c accessory pigment phicobilina red in colour stored sugar as floridean starch cell walls with agar and or carageenan deepest living algae
deepest living algae
rhodophyta
stores sugar as floridean starch
rhodyphyta
what form does rhodophyta store their sugar
floridean starch
what accessory pigment does rhodophyta have
phicobilina
what phylum has chlorophyll a and d
rhodophyta
what chlorophyll does rhodophyta have
a and d
phaeophyta
all multicellular chlorophyll a and c accessory pigment fucoranthin brown to olive green in colour cell wall of cellulose and algin fod storage as laminarin starch or oil
has chlorophyll a and c
phaeophyta
has accessory pigment fucoranthin
phaeophyta
what accessory pigment does phaeophyta have
fucoranthin
what chlorophyll does phaeophyta have
a and c
gamete fertalizaton
diploid zygote
zygote matures to sporophyte
what so sporophytes produce
spores
what do gametophytes produce
gametes
gametophytes are diploids or haploids
haploids
Ecological role of algae
primary producers
oxygen producer
habitat for many species
human uses for algae
food source
medicine
indstrial/scientific
why are algae restricted to a wet environment
- not stable
- no vascular system
which phylum (chlorophyts, rhodophyts, phaeophyta) can live in moist soil?
chlorophyta
which phylum stores sugar as laminarin starch or oil
Phaeophyta
has a cell wall of cellulose and algin
phaeophyta
has cell walls of agar and/or carageenan
rhodophyta
stores sugar as floridean starch
rhodophyta
describe gamete fertilization
diploid zygote -> zygote matures to sporophyte
ecological role of algae
primary producer, oxygen producer, habitat
human uses for algae
food, medicine, industrial/scientific
How are algae well adapted to life in water
no vascular system
flagellated cells
food storage
alternation of generations
how do the names “red, brown, and green” reflect the most important differences between these groups?
Th colour of the algae determines what part of the water column they can live in.
How do the light gathering pigments effect the depth at which various algae can live
The light gathering pigments which the algae contain determines which part of the light spectrum they can use for photosynthesis . Some parts of the visible light spectrum penetrate deeper than some, therefore the algae which photosynthesize with these wavelengths can survive deeper.
describe the role of a holdfast
anchors algae to substrate
stipe
transports nutrients and h2o
bladder
for buoyancy, full of gasses
what is alternation of generations
a pattern of reproduction involving regular alternation between the two distinct forms (asexual and sexual)
