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Biology 11 > Algae > Flashcards

Algae Flashcards

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1
Q

What are algae classified by

A 
colour
shape
type of chlorophyll/accessory pigments 
form of food storage 
substance and cell wall composition
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2
Q

what is the holdfast for

A

to anchor agae to substrate

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3
Q

what are the blades for

A

large surface area= good for ps

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4
Q

what is the bladder used for

A

buoyancy

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5
Q

what is in the bladder

A

gasses

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6
Q

what does the visible spectrum have

A

different wavelengths of light energy

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7
Q

surface water absorbs high medium or low energy light?

A

low energy

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8
Q

what are the colours of low energy light

A

red orange yellow

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9
Q

where does green algae live

A

shallow depths

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10
Q

Where does the blue end of the spectrum reach?

A

deep

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11
Q

why does the blue spectrum reach deeper than the rest?

A

higher energy wavelenghts

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12
Q

red algae ives where

A

deepest depths

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13
Q

whatis the re algae accessory pigment

A

phycobilin

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14
Q

where does brown algae live

A

middle depths

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15
Q

brown algae accessory pigment

A

fucoxanthin

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16
Q

Chlorophyta

A

green algae

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17
Q

describe phylum chlorophyta

A 
mostly single cell, but also colonial and multi cellular 
contains chlorophyll a and b 
green 
cellulose cell wall 
lives at the surface
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18
Q

which chlorophyll does chlorophyta have

A

a and b

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19
Q

phylum that lives at the surface

A

chlorophyta

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20
Q

Rhodophyta

A

red algae

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21
Q

descrbe phylum rhodophytA

A 
most large and multicelular, but few unicellular 
chlorophyll a and c 
accessory pigment phicobilina
red in colour
stored sugar as floridean starch 
cell walls with agar and or carageenan 
deepest living algae
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22
Q

deepest living algae

A

rhodophyta

23
Q

stores sugar as floridean starch

A

rhodyphyta

24
Q

what form does rhodophyta store their sugar

A

floridean starch

25
Q

what accessory pigment does rhodophyta have

A

phicobilina

26
Q

what phylum has chlorophyll a and d

A

rhodophyta

27
Q

what chlorophyll does rhodophyta have

A

a and d

28
Q

phaeophyta

A 
all multicellular 
chlorophyll a and c 
accessory pigment fucoranthin 
brown to olive green in colour 
cell wall of cellulose and algin 
fod storage as laminarin starch or oil
29
Q

has chlorophyll a and c

A

phaeophyta

30
Q

has accessory pigment fucoranthin

A

phaeophyta

31
Q

what accessory pigment does phaeophyta have

A

fucoranthin

32
Q

what chlorophyll does phaeophyta have

A

a and c

33
Q

gamete fertalizaton

A

diploid zygote

zygote matures to sporophyte

34
Q

what so sporophytes produce

A

spores

35
Q

what do gametophytes produce

A

gametes

36
Q

gametophytes are diploids or haploids

A

haploids

37
Q

Ecological role of algae

A

primary producers
oxygen producer
habitat for many species

38
Q

human uses for algae

A

food source
medicine
indstrial/scientific

39
Q

why are algae restricted to a wet environment

A
  • not stable

- no vascular system

40
Q

which phylum (chlorophyts, rhodophyts, phaeophyta) can live in moist soil?

A

chlorophyta

41
Q

which phylum stores sugar as laminarin starch or oil

A

Phaeophyta

42
Q

has a cell wall of cellulose and algin

A

phaeophyta

43
Q

has cell walls of agar and/or carageenan

A

rhodophyta

44
Q

stores sugar as floridean starch

A

rhodophyta

45
Q

describe gamete fertilization

A

diploid zygote -> zygote matures to sporophyte

46
Q

ecological role of algae

A

primary producer, oxygen producer, habitat

47
Q

human uses for algae

A

food, medicine, industrial/scientific

48
Q

How are algae well adapted to life in water

A

no vascular system
flagellated cells
food storage
alternation of generations

49
Q

how do the names “red, brown, and green” reflect the most important differences between these groups?

A

Th colour of the algae determines what part of the water column they can live in.

50
Q

How do the light gathering pigments effect the depth at which various algae can live

A

The light gathering pigments which the algae contain determines which part of the light spectrum they can use for photosynthesis . Some parts of the visible light spectrum penetrate deeper than some, therefore the algae which photosynthesize with these wavelengths can survive deeper.

51
Q

describe the role of a holdfast

A

anchors algae to substrate

52
Q

stipe

A

transports nutrients and h2o

53
Q

bladder

A

for buoyancy, full of gasses

54
Q

what is alternation of generations

A

a pattern of reproduction involving regular alternation between the two distinct forms (asexual and sexual)

Biology 11 (27 decks)

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